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Title |
The micrometeorite flux at Dome C (Antarctica), monitoring the accretion of extraterrestrial dust on Earth |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Earth and Planetary Science Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
560 |
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Pages |
116794 |
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Keywords |
Antarctic micrometeorites atmospheric entry cosmic spherules extraterrestrial flux interplanetary dust particles zodiacal cloud |
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1120 |
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0012-821X |
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yes |
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8244 |
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Author |
Anika Immer, Thomas Merkling, Olivier Chastel, Scott A. Hatch, Etienne Danchin, Pierrick Blanchard, Sarah Leclaire |
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Title |
Spying on your neighbours? Social information affects timing of breeding and stress hormone levels in a colonial seabird |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Evolutionary Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
35 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
463-481 |
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Abstract |
A good overlap between offspring energetic requirements and availability of resources is required for successful reproduction. Accordingly, individuals from numerous species fine-tune their timing of breeding by integrating cues that predict environmental conditions during the offspring period. Besides acquiring information from their direct interaction with the environment (personal information), individuals can integrate information by observing the behaviours or performance of others (social information). The use of social information is often beneficial because the accumulated knowledge of conspecifics may represent a source of information more reliable than the intrinsically more limited personal information. However, although social information constitutes the major source of information in a wide range of contexts, studies investigating its use in the context of timing of breeding are scarce. We investigated whether black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) used social information to adjust the timing of egg-laying. We manipulated social information using a food-supplementation experiment, known to advance kittiwakes' reproductive phenology. We expected food-supplemented and unsupplemented pairs to delay and advance, respectively, their timing of laying when surrounded by a majority of neighbours from the opposite food-treatment. However, both unsupplemented and food-supplemented kittiwakes delayed egg-laying when surrounded by a higher proportion of neighbours from the opposite food-treatment. This result shows that kittiwakes use social information to time egg-laying, but that it is not used to match the seasonal peak of food availability. We suggest that when social and personal cues give contradictory environmental information, individuals may benefit from delaying laying to gather more information to make better decisions about investment into eggs. Further, we explored a potential proximate mechanism for the pattern we report. We show that baseline corticosterone, known to mediate reproductive decisions, was lower in unsupplemented females facing a higher proportion of food-supplemented neighbours. Altogether, our results suggest that to fine-tune their timing of laying, kittiwakes use complex decision-making processes in which social and personal information interplay. |
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1162 |
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ISSN |
1573-8477 |
ISBN |
1573-8477 |
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yes |
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8245 |
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Title |
Phylogenomic Resolution of Sea Spider Diversification through Integration of Multiple Data Classes |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Molecular Biology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
38 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
686-701 |
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Abstract |
Despite significant advances in invertebrate phylogenomics over the past decade, the higher-level phylogeny of Pycnogonida (sea spiders) remains elusive. Due to the inaccessibility of some small-bodied lineages, few phylogenetic studies have sampled all sea spider families. Previous efforts based on a handful of genes have yielded unstable tree topologies. Here, we inferred the relationships of 89 sea spider species using targeted capture of the mitochondrial genome, 56 conserved exons, 101 ultraconserved elements, and 3 nuclear ribosomal genes. We inferred molecular divergence times by integrating morphological data for fossil species to calibrate 15 nodes in the arthropod tree of life. This integration of data classes resolved the basal topology of sea spiders with high support. The enigmatic family Austrodecidae was resolved as the sister group to the remaining Pycnogonida and the small-bodied family Rhynchothoracidae as the sister group of the robust-bodied family Pycnogonidae. Molecular divergence time estimation recovered a basal divergence of crown group sea spiders in the Ordovician. Comparison of diversification dynamics with other marine invertebrate taxa that originated in the Paleozoic suggests that sea spiders and some crustacean groups exhibit resilience to mass extinction episodes, relative to mollusk and echinoderm lineages. |
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1124 |
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ISSN |
1537-1719 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8246 |
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Title |
Theoretical and Experimental Analysis for Cleaning Ice Cores from EstisolTM 140 Drill Liquid |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Applied Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
3830 |
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Keywords |
Beyond EPICA drilling Estisol ice cores |
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Programme |
1202 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8247 |
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Author |
Noor Johnson, Matthew L Druckenmiller, Finn Danielsen, Peter L Pulsifer |
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Title |
The Use of Digital Platforms for Community-Based Monitoring |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
BioScience |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
71 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
452-466 |
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Programme |
1090,1206 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
0006-3568 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8248 |
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Author |
Hajo Eicken, Finn Danielsen, Josephine-Mary Sam, Maryann Fidel, Noor Johnson, Michael K Poulsen, Olivia A Lee, Katie V Spellman, Lisbeth Iversen, Peter Pulsifer, Martin Enghoff |
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Title |
Connecting Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approaches in Environmental Observing |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
BioScience |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
71 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
467-483 |
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Programme |
1090,1206 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
0006-3568 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8249 |
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Title |
Marine snow morphology illuminates the evolution of phytoplankton blooms and determines their subsequent vertical export |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Nature Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
2816 |
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Keywords |
Carbon cycle Marine biology |
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Programme |
1164 |
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ISSN |
2041-1723 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8250 |
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Author |
Natasha Roy, James Woollett, Najat Bhiry, Isabel Lemus-Lauzon, Ann Delwaide, Dominique Marguerie |
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Title |
Anthropogenic and climate impacts on subarctic forests in the Nain region, Nunatsiavut: Dendroecological and historical approaches |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
28 |
Issue |
3-4 |
Pages |
361-376 |
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Programme |
1080 |
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ISSN |
1195-6860 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8251 |
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Author |
M. Legrand, R. Weller, S. Preunkert, B. Jourdain |
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Title |
Ammonium in Antarctic Aerosol: Marine Biological Activity Versus Long-Range Transport of Biomass Burning |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Geophysical Research Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
48 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
e2021GL092826 |
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Keywords |
aerosol black carbon ammonium Antarctic biomass burning et marine biota oxalate potassium |
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Abstract |
Year-round records of the ionic composition of Antarctic aerosol were obtained at the inland Dome C (DC) and coastal Neumayer (NM) sites, with additional observations of black carbon (BC) at NM. Discussions focus on the origin of ammonium in Antarctica. This first Antarctic atmospheric study of several species emitted by biomass burning (BB) indicates that BC and oxalate reach a maximum in October in relation to BB activity in the southern hemisphere. Ammonium reaches a maximum 2 months later, suggesting that BB remains a minor ammonium source there. The ammonium maximum in December coincides with the occurrence of diatom blooms in the austral ocean, suggesting that oceanic ammonia emissions are the main source of ammonium in Antarctica. The ammonium to sulfur-derived biogenic species molar ratio of 0.15 in summer suggests far lower ammonia emissions from the Antarctic oceans than midlatitude southern oceans. |
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903 |
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ISSN |
1944-8007 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8252 |
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Title |
Viability and stress state of bacteria associated with primary production or zooplankton-derived suspended particulate matter in summer along a transect in Baffin Bay (Arctic Ocean) |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Science of The Total Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
770 |
Issue |
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Pages |
145252 |
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Keywords |
Bacterial viability EPS isomerase Micro- and macro-zooplankton Salinity stress Sea ice algae |
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Abstract |
In the framework of the GreenEdge Project (whose the general objective is to understand the dynamic of the phytoplankton spring bloom in Arctic Ocean), lipid composition and viability and stress state of bacteria were monitored in sea ice and suspended particulate matter (SPM) samples collected in 2016 along a transect from sea ice to open water in Baffin Bay (Arctic Ocean). Lipid analyses confirmed the dominance of diatoms in the bottommost layer of ice and suggested (i) the presence of a strong proportion of micro-zooplankton in SPM samples collected at the western ice covered St 403 and St 409 and (ii) a high proportion of macro-zooplankton (copepods) in SPM samples collected at the eastern ice covered St 413 and open water St 418. The use of the propidium monoazide (PMA) method allowed to show a high bacterial mortality in sea ice and in SPM material collected in shallower waters at St 409 and St 418. This mortality was attributed to the release of bactericidal free fatty acids by sympagic diatoms under the effect of light stress. A strong cis-trans isomerization of bacterial MUFAs was observed in the deeper SPM samples collected at the St 403 and St 409. It was attributed to the ingestion of bacteria stressed by salinity in brine channels of ice by sympagic bacterivorous microzooplankton (ciliates) incorporating trans fatty acids of their preys before to be released in the water column during melting. The high trans/cis ratios also observed in SPM samples collected in the shallower waters at St 413 and St 418 suggest the presence of positively or neutrally buoyant extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)-rich particles retained in sea ice and discharged (with bacteria stressed by salinity) in seawater after the initial release of algal biomass. Such EPS particles, which are generally considered as ideal vectors for bacterial horizontal distribution in the Arctic, appeared to contain a high proportion of dead and non-growing bacteria. |
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1164 |
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ISSN |
0048-9697 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8253 |
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