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Author |
Camille Lemonnier |
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Title |
Coping with socially stressful environments in colonial seabirds: a test of adaptive phenotype programming in king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus) |
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Master 2 |
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Year |
2021 |
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14 |
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Abstract ![sorted by Abstract field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Group-living is associated with both fitness benefits and costs for animals. In seabird colonies, spatial heterogeneity in social density and other environmental parameters may affect the quality of breeding territories. For instance, in king penguins, increased conspecific density has been correlated with increased stress hormone levels and increased energy expenditure in individual birds, suggesting a cost of colonial breeding. We unravelled the influences of early (genetic and early maternal effects) and rearing environments on chick growth trajectories, stress physiology and survival. Our results suggest that the rearing social environment (rather than biological background) can influence chicks’ phenotype, growth and survival. Especially, chicks reared in high density areas of the colony showed increased weight gain and survival probabilities. These results suggest either a difference in terms of parental quality between individual breeding at high and low social densities or a difference in chick’s competitiveness due to their early life social environment. |
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119 |
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yes |
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8103 |
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Eeva M. Soininen, Isabel C. Barrio, Ragnhild Bjørkås, Katrín Björnsdóttir, Dorothee Ehrich, Kelly Hopping, Elina Kaarlejärvi, Anders Lorentzen Kolstad, Svetlana Abdulmanova, Robert G. Björk, C. Guillermo Bueno, Isabell Eischeid, Rebecca Finger Higgens, Jennifer Sorensen Forbey, Charles Gignac, Olivier Gilg, Michael den Herder, Hildur Søndergaard Holm, Bernice C. Hwang, Jane Uhd Jepsen, Stefaniya Kamenova, Ilona Kater, Amanda M. Koltz, Jeppe Aagaard Kristensen, Chelsea J. Little, Petr Macek, Karen Marie Mathisen, Daniel Metcalfe, Jesper Bruun Mosbacher, Martin Alfons Mörsdorf, Taejin Park, Jeffrey Propster, Aradhana Roberts, Emmanuel Serrano Ferron, Marcus P. Spiegel, Mariana Tamayo, Maria W. Tuomi, Megha Verma, Katariina Elsa Maria Vuorinen, Maria Väisänen, René Van der Wal, Megan Wilcots, Nigel Yoccoz, James D. M. Speed |
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Title |
Location of studies and evidence of effects of herbivory on Arctic vegetation: a systematic map |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Environmental Evidence |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
25 |
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Keywords |
Browsing Defoliation Forest-tundra Grazing Grubbing Invertebrate Plant–herbivore interaction Tundra Vertebrate |
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Abstract ![sorted by Abstract field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Herbivores modify the structure and function of tundra ecosystems. Understanding their impacts is necessary to assess the responses of these ecosystems to ongoing environmental changes. However, the effects of herbivores on plants and ecosystem structure and function vary across the Arctic. Strong spatial variation in herbivore effects implies that the results of individual studies on herbivory depend on local conditions, i.e., their ecological context. An important first step in assessing whether generalizable conclusions can be produced is to identify the existing studies and assess how well they cover the underlying environmental conditions across the Arctic. This systematic map aims to identify the ecological contexts in which herbivore impacts on vegetation have been studied in the Arctic. Specifically, the primary question of the systematic map was: “What evidence exists on the effects of herbivores on Arctic vegetation?”. |
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1036 |
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2047-2382 |
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8386 |
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Benjamin Pohl, Vincent Favier, Jonathan Wille, Danielle G Udy, Tessa R Vance, Julien Pergaud, Niels Dutrievoz, Juliette Blanchet, Christoph Kittel, Charles Amory, Gerhard Krinner, Francis Codron |
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Title |
Relationship Between Weather Regimes and Atmospheric Rivers in East Antarctica |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
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Volume |
126 |
Issue |
24 |
Pages |
e2021JD035294 |
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Keywords |
atmospheric rivers East Antarctica snowfall amounts temperature anomalies weather regimes |
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Abstract ![sorted by Abstract field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Here, we define weather regimes in the East Antarctica—Southern Ocean sector based on daily anomalies of 700 hPa geopotential height derived from ERA5 reanalysis during 1979–2018. Most regimes and their preferred transitions depict synoptic-scale disturbances propagating eastwards off the Antarctic coastline. While regime sequences are generally short, their interannual variability is strongly driven by the polarity of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). Regime occurrences are then intersected with atmospheric rivers (ARs) detected over the same region and period. ARs are equiprobable throughout the year, but clearly concentrate during regimes associated with a strong atmospheric ridges/blockings on the eastern part of the domain, which act to channel meridional advection of heat and moisture from the lower latitudes towards Antarctica. Both regimes and ARs significantly shape climate variability in Antarctica. Regimes favorable to AR occurrences are associated with anomalously warm and humid conditions in coastal Antarctica and, to a lesser extent, the hinterland parts of the Antarctic plateau. These anomalies are strongly enhanced during AR events, with warmer anomalies and dramatically amplified snowfall amounts. Large-scale conditions favoring AR development are finally explored. They show weak dependency to the SAM, but particularly strong atmospheric ridges/blockings over the Southern Ocean appear as the most favorable pattern, in which ARs can be embedded, and to which they contribute. |
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411 |
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2169-8996 |
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yes |
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8430 |
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Benjamin Merkel, Sébastien Descamps, Nigel G. Yoccoz, David Grémillet, Per Fauchald, Jóhannis Danielsen, Francis Daunt, Kjell Einar Erikstad, Aleksey V. Ezhov, Mike P. Harris, Maria Gavrilo, Svein-Håkon Lorentsen, Tone K. Reiertsen, Geir H. Systad, Thorkell Lindberg Thórarinsson, Sarah Wanless, Hallvard Strøm |
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Title |
Strong migratory connectivity across meta-populations of sympatric North Atlantic seabirds |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Marine Ecology Progress Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
SEA |
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Keywords |
Environmental niche Inter-population mixing Large-scale spatiotemporal dynamics Light-level geolocation Murres Population spread Seasonality |
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Abstract ![sorted by Abstract field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Identifying drivers of population trends in migratory species is difficult, as they can face many stressors while moving through different areas and environments during the annual cycle. To understand the potential of migrants to adjust to perturbations, it is critical to study the connection of different areas used by different populations during the annual cycle (i.e. migratory connectivity). Using a large-scale tracking data set of 662 individual seabirds from 2 sympatric auk meta-populations (common guillemots Uria aalge and Brünnich’s guillemots U. lomvia) breeding in 12 colonies throughout the Northeast Atlantic, we estimated migratory connectivity in seasonal space use as well as occupied environmental niches. We found strong migratory connectivity, within and between species. This was apparent through a combination of seasonal space use and occupied environmental niches. Brünnich’s guillemot populations grouped into 2 and common guillemot populations into 5 previously undescribed spatiotemporal clusters. Common guillemot populations clustered in accordance with the variable population trends exhibited by the species, while Brünnich’s guillemot populations are declining everywhere where known within the study area. Individuals from different breeding populations in both species were clustered in their space and environmental use, utilising only a fraction of the potential species-wide range. Further, space use varied among seasons, emphasising the variable constraints faced by both species during the different stages of their annual cycle. Our study highlights that considering spatiotemporal dynamics, not only in space but also in occupied environmental niches, improves our understanding of migratory connectivity and thus population vulnerability in the context of global change. |
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388 |
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0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
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yes |
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8027 |
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Author |
Christophe Barbraud, Karine Delord |
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Title |
Selection against immigrants in wild seabird populations |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Ecology Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
24 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
84-93 |
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Keywords |
Dispersal fitness immigrant seabirds sex-biased dispersal |
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Abstract ![sorted by Abstract field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Immigration is a major demographic parameter shaping population dynamics and is an important driver of eco-evolutionary patterns, but the fitness consequences for individuals following their settlement to a new population (immigrants) remain poorly tested in wild animal populations, particularly among long-lived species. Here we show that immigrants have a lower fitness than residents in three wild seabird populations (wandering albatross Diomedea exulans, southern fulmar Fulmarus glacialoides, snow petrel Pagodroma nivea). Across all species and during a 32-year period, immigrants made on average −9 to 29% fewer breeding attempts, had 5–31% fewer fledglings, had 2–16% lower breeding success and produced 6–46% fewer recruits. Female immigration and male residency were also favored through differences in breeding performance. We provide evidence for selection against immigrants in wild populations of long-lived species and our results are consistent with female-biased dispersal in birds being driven by asymmetric limiting resources and the competitive ability of dispersers vs. non-dispersers. |
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109 |
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1461-0248 |
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yes |
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8418 |
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Jan Grimsrud Davidsen, Xavier Bordeleau, Sindre Håvarstein Eldøy, Frederick Whoriskey, Michael Power, Glenn T. Crossin, Colin Buhariwalla, Philippe Gaudin |
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Title |
Marine habitat use and feeding ecology of introduced anadromous brown trout at the colonization front of the sub-Antarctic Kerguelen archipelago |
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Journal |
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2021 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
11917 |
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Keywords |
Animal migration Behavioural ecology Ecology Stable isotope analysis |
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Abstract ![sorted by Abstract field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
In 1954, brown trout were introduced to the Kerguelen archipelago (49°S, 70°E), a pristine, sub-Antarctic environment previously devoid of native freshwater fishes. Trout began spreading rapidly via coastal waters to colonize adjacent watersheds, however, recent and unexpectedly the spread has slowed. To better understand the ecology of the brown trout here, and why their expansion has slowed, we documented the marine habitat use, foraging ecology, and environmental conditions experienced over one year by 50 acoustically tagged individuals at the colonization front. Trout mainly utilized the marine habitat proximate to their tagging site, ranging no further than 7 km and not entering any uncolonized watersheds. Nutritional indicators showed that trout were in good condition at the time of tagging. Stomach contents and isotope signatures in muscle of additional trout revealed a diet of amphipods (68%), fish (23%), isopods (6%), and zooplankton (6%). The small migration distances observed, presence of suitable habitat, and rich local foraging opportunities suggest that trout can achieve their resource needs close to their home rivers. This may explain why the expansion of brown trout at Kerguelen has slowed. |
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1041 |
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2045-2322 |
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2045-2322 |
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8180 |
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Sara Labrousse, Alexander D. Fraser, Michael Sumner, Frédéric Le Manach, Christophe Sauser, Isabella Horstmann, Eileen Devane, Karine Delord, Stéphanie Jenouvrier, Christophe Barbraud |
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Title |
Landfast ice: a major driver of reproductive success in a polar seabird |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Biology Letters |
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17 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
20210097 |
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breeding success climate window analysis emperor penguin nonlinear effect sea ice |
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Abstract ![sorted by Abstract field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
In a fast-changing world, polar ecosystems are threatened by climate variability. Understanding the roles of fine-scale processes, and linear and nonlinear effects of climate factors on the demography of polar species is crucial for anticipating the future state of these fragile ecosystems. While the effects of sea ice on polar marine top predators are increasingly being studied, little is known about the impacts of landfast ice (LFI) on this species community. Based on a unique 39-year time series of satellite imagery and in situ meteorological conditions and on the world's longest dataset of emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) breeding parameters, we studied the effects of fine-scale variability of LFI and weather conditions on this species' reproductive success. We found that longer distances to the LFI edge (i.e. foraging areas) negatively affected the overall breeding success but also the fledging success. Climate window analyses suggested that chick mortality was particularly sensitive to LFI variability between August and November. Snowfall in May also affected hatching success. Given the sensitivity of LFI to storms and changes in wind direction, important future repercussions on the breeding habitat of emperor penguins are to be expected in the context of climate change. |
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109 |
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yes |
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8040 |
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Sophie M. Dupont, Christophe Barbraud, Olivier Chastel, Karine Delord, Charline Parenteau, Colette Trouvé, Frédéric Angelier |
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Title |
“Home alone!” influence of nest parental attendance on offspring behavioral and hormonal stress responses in an Antarctic seabird, the snow petrel (Pagodroma nivea) |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Hormones and Behavior |
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131 |
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Pages |
104962 |
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Corticosterone stress response Defensive behavior Offspring stress sensitivity Parental presence |
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Abstract ![sorted by Abstract field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
In altricial species, parents brood their chicks constantly before leaving them unattended sometimes for extended periods when they become thermally independent. During this second phase, there is sometimes important inter-individual differences in parental attendance and the fitness costs and benefits of parental strategies have previously been extensively investigated. However, the impact of parental presence on offspring behaviors and stress physiology has been overlooked. Here, we examined the influence of parental presence on offspring hormonal and behavioral stress sensitivities in snow petrel chicks. We demonstrated for the first time in a wild bird species that attended chicks had lower stress-induced corticosterone levels and a lower probability to show defensive behavior compared to the alone chicks. This reduced stress sensitivity is certainly explained by the well-known link between corticosterone and nutritional status, and by the recent delivery of meals to the attended chicks and the improvement of their nutritional status. It may also be explained by the parental protection against predators or inclement weather, or/and by the psychosocial comfort of parental presence for the offspring. Overall, these results suggest that the presence of a parent in the nest reduces offspring stress sensitivity in wild birds. Further studies would now be required to disentangle the impact of nutritional status and parental presence on stress sensitivity and to better understand the potential impact of parental presence and circulating corticosterone levels on growth and cognitive development in wild birds. |
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109 |
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0018-506X |
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7941 |
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William Jouanneau, Don-Jean Léandri-Breton, Alexandre Corbeau, Dorte Herzke, Børge Moe, Vladimir A. Nikiforov, Geir W. Gabrielsen, Olivier Chastel |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
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Title |
A Bad Start in Life? Maternal Transfer of Legacy and Emerging Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances to Eggs in an Arctic Seabird |
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2021 |
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Environmental Science & Technology |
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56 |
Issue |
10 |
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6091-6102 |
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Abstract ![sorted by Abstract field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
In birds, maternal transfer is a major exposure route for several contaminants, including poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Little is known, however, about the extent of the transfer of the different PFAS compounds to the eggs, especially for alternative fluorinated compounds. In the present study, we measured legacy and emerging PFAS, including Gen-X, ADONA, and F-53B, in the plasma of prelaying black-legged kittiwake females breeding in Svalbard and the yolk of their eggs. We aimed to (1) describe the contaminant levels and patterns in both females and eggs, and (2) investigate the maternal transfer, that is, biological variables and the relationship between the females and their eggs for each compound. Contamination of both females and eggs were dominated by linPFOS then PFUnA or PFTriA. We notably found 7:3 fluorotelomer carboxylic acid─a precursor of long-chain carboxylates─in 84% of the egg yolks, and provide the first documented finding of ADONA in wildlife. Emerging compounds were all below the detection limit in female plasma. There was a linear association between females and eggs for most of the PFAS. Analyses of maternal transfer ratios in females and eggs suggest that the transfer is increasing with PFAS carbon chain length, therefore the longest chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) were preferentially transferred to the eggs. The mean ∑PFAS in the second-laid eggs was 73% of that in the first-laid eggs. Additional effort on assessing the outcome of maternal transfers on avian development physiology is essential, especially for PFCAs and emerging fluorinated compounds which are under-represented in experimental studies. |
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330 |
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0013-936X |
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yes |
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8315 |
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Author |
Charlène Gémard, Thierry Aubin, Eliette L. Reboud, Francesco Bonadonna |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
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Title |
Call rate, fundamental frequency, and syntax determine male-call attractiveness in blue petrels Halobaena caerulea |
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Journal |
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2021 |
Publication |
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
75 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
55 |
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Abstract ![sorted by Abstract field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
In blue petrels (Halobaena caerulea), females are supposed to be particularly choosy and mate choice can take a couple of years. In these lifelong monogamous seabirds, choosing a good mate is crucial and has a strong influence on their fitness. Due to their nocturnal habits, the absence of sexual dimorphism, and the physical barrier between males calling from their burrow and females flying above the colony, vocal signals seem to be one of the main channels for males to communicate with potential mates. In a previous study, we investigated whether acoustic parameters of male calls carry information about morphological characteristics that might be indicators of males’ qualities. Here, we experimentally test whether these acoustic parameters linked to male characteristics are actually attractive to females. To do so, we played back modified calls of males to females in a colony of blue petrels of the Kerguelen archipelago. We found that flying females were more attracted by high-pitched calls, and by calls broadcasted at a high call rate. Previous studies showed a relationship between pitch and bill depth and length. In filter-feeding birds, such as blue petrels, bill morphology influences feeding efficiency. A high call rate is an indicator of sexual motivation and makes the caller easier to locate by potential mates and predators in the hubbub of the colony. We thus hypothesized that producing frequent high-pitched calls appeared to be preferable for a conspicuous sexual signaling although it may increase predation risks. |
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Programme |
354 |
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Campaign |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1432-0762 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7055 |
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