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Title |
From surface fault traces to a fault growth model: The Vogar Fissure Swarm of the Reykjanes Peninsula, Southwest Iceland
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
51 |
Issue |
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Pages |
38-51 |
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Keywords |
Divergent plate boundary, Fissure swarm, Icelandic rift, Normal fault growth, Photogrammetric techniques, remote sensing, |
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Abstract  |
The Vogar Fissure Swarm is one of four en-echelon fracture swarms that connect the Reykjanes Ridge to the South Iceland Seismic Zone and the Western Volcanic Zone. Occurring in an area of flat topography, this fissure swarm is clearly visible at the surface, where it can be seen to affect recent postglacial lavas. Using remote sensing methods to identify and measure all the faults and fractures in the swarm, combined with additional field observations and measurements, we measured 478 individual fractures, 33% of them being faults and 67% being fissures. The fracture lengths show roughly log-normal distributions. Most of the individual fractures belong to 68 main composite fractures, seven of which are longer than 2500 m and correspond to the main fault scarps of the fissure swarm. We showed that these main faults are distributed along five, equally spaced zones, ∼500 m apart and a few kilometers long. We drawn 71 across-strike profiles to characterize the shape of the fault scarps, and 5 along-strike profiles to characterize the evolution of vertical throw along the main faults. Each fault consists of a coalescence of individual segments of approximately equal length. Fault throws are never larger than 10 m and are smallest at the junctions between individual segments. Analyses of along-strike throw profiles allowed us to determine the early stages of growth after coalescence. The earliest stage is characterized by an increase in the throw of the central parts of segments. This is followed by a second stage during which the throw increases at the junctions between segments, progressively erasing these small-throw zones. |
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316 |
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0191-8141 |
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yes |
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4401 |
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Title |
Sustained Antarctic Research: A 21st Century Imperative |
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Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
One Earth |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
1 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
95-113 |
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Keywords |
adaptations atmosphere-ocean couplings climate change conservation Earth systems ice sheet politics and governance sea level Southern Ocean sustainability |
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137 |
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ISSN |
2590-3322 |
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yes |
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Serial |
7732 |
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Author |
Tackett, P.J.; Cavender, A.E.; Keil, A.D.; Shepson, P.B.; Bottenheim, J.W.; Morin, S.; Deary, J.; Steffen, A.; Doerge, C. |
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Title |
A study of the vertical scale of halogen chemistry in the Arctic troposphere during Polar Sunrise at Barrow, Alaska |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Journal of geophysical research-atmospheres |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Geophys. Res. |
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Volume |
112 |
Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Arctic; halogen chemistry; vertical profiles; 0365 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere: composition and chemistry; 0736 Cryosphere: Snow; 0738 Cryosphere: Ice; 0312 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Air/sea constituent fluxes; 0322 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Constituent sources and sinks |
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457 |
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American Geophysical Union |
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ISSN |
0148-0227 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
IPEV @ Thierry.Lemaire @ |
Serial |
5635 |
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Author |
Chiara Papetti, Massimiliano Babbucci, Agnes Dettai, Andrea Basso, Magnus Lucassen, Lars Harms, Celine Bonillo, Franz Maximilian Heindler, Tomaso Patarnello, Enrico Negrisolo |
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Title |
Not Frozen in the Ice: Large and Dynamic Rearrangements in the Mitochondrial Genomes of the Antarctic Fish |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Genome Biology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
13 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
evab017 |
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Abstract |
The vertebrate mitochondrial genomes generally present a typical gene order. Exceptions are uncommon and important to study the genetic mechanisms of gene order rearrangements and their consequences on phylogenetic output and mitochondrial function. Antarctic notothenioid fish carry some peculiar rearrangements of the mitochondrial gene order. In this first systematic study of 28 species, we analyzed known and undescribed mitochondrial genome rearrangements for a total of eight different gene orders within the notothenioid fish. Our reconstructions suggest that transpositions, duplications, and inversion of multiple genes are the most likely mechanisms of rearrangement in notothenioid mitochondrial genomes. In Trematominae, we documented an extremely rare inversion of a large genomic segment of 5,300?bp that partially affected the gene compositional bias but not the phylogenetic output. The genomic region delimited by nad5 and trnF, close to the area of the Control Region, was identified as the hot spot of variation in Antarctic fish mitochondrial genomes. Analyzing the sequence of several intergenic spacers and mapping the arrangements on a newly generated phylogeny showed that the entire history of the Antarctic notothenioids is characterized by multiple, relatively rapid, events of disruption of the gene order. We hypothesized that a pre-existing genomic flexibility of the ancestor of the Antarctic notothenioids may have generated a precondition for gene order rearrangement, and the pressure of purifying selection could have worked for a rapid restoration of the mitochondrial functionality and compactness after each event of rearrangement. |
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1124 |
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ISSN |
1759-6653 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8235 |
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Author |
Houssais Marie-Nolle, Herbaut Christophe, |
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Title |
Atmospheric forcing on the Canadian Arctic Archipelago freshwater outflow and implications for the Labrador Sea variability
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
J. Geophys. Res. |
Abbreviated Journal |
0148-0227 |
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Volume |
116 |
Issue |
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Pages |
C00D02- |
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Keywords |
Arctic Ocean, freshwater, North Atlantic Oscillation, 4207 Oceanography: General: Arctic and Antarctic oceanography, 4215 Oceanography: General: Climate and interannual variability, 4255 Oceanography: General: Numerical modeling, |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
452 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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AGU |
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ISSN |
0148-0227 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
3604 |
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Title |
Evaluation of the inter-annual variability of stratospheric chemical composition in chemistry-climate models using ground-based multi species time series |
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Journal |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
145 |
Issue |
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Pages |
61-84 |
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Keywords |
Chemistry climate model NDACC observation Stratosphere Variability |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
209 |
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ISSN |
1364-6826 |
ISBN |
1364-6826 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7295 |
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Author |
Le Vaillant Maryline, Ropert-Coudert Yan, Le Maho Yvon, Le Bohec Céline |
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Title |
Individual parameters shape foraging activity in breeding king penguins |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Behavioral ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Ecol. |
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Volume |
27 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
352-362 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
The variability in individual fitness within a population is likely to be mediated through individual foraging ability and tactics, themselves linked to age- or experience-related processes, but also to differences in individual quality. Not only age, experience, and quality but also sex-related foraging strategies should particularly play an important role in long-lived central-place foragers that have to cope with strong environmental constraints. We monitored the foraging effort (foraging trip durations and number of trips) of 262 known-age micro-tagged king penguins, Aptenodytes patagonicus, at different breeding stages during one of their breeding cycles. We investigated how their age (4–11 years old), sex, past breeding experience (the number of successful breeding attempts), and breeding quality (the expected breeding success, corresponding to the residual of the linear relationship between the age and on the number of past breeding success divided by the number of breeding attempts) affected foraging over a whole breeding season. During the incubation, younger birds (4 years old) undertook longer foraging trips compared with older ones. During the brooding phase and the second period of the crèching phase, more experienced birds performed shorter foraging trip than those with a low breeding experience, whereas, during the first period of the crèching phase, individuals with better breeding quality performed shorter foraging trips at sea than low breeding quality individuals. Sex-specific foraging patterns were also observed depending on the period of the breeding cycle. Our study shows, for the first time, how foraging effort can be driven by a complex interplay of several individual parameters according to breeding stage and resource availability and abundance. |
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137 |
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ISSN |
1045-2249 |
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yes |
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Serial |
6487 |
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Title |
Individual parameters shape foraging activity in breeding king penguins |
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Journal |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Behavioral Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
27 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
352-362 |
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137 |
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ISSN |
1045-2249 |
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1045-2249 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6699 |
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Author |
F. Domine, M. Barrere, D. Sarrazin |
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Title |
Seasonal evolution of the effective thermal conductivity of the snow and the soil in high Arctic herb tundra at Bylot Island, Canada |
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Journal |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
The Cryosphere |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
2573-2588 |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
1042 |
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ISSN |
1994-0424 |
ISBN |
1994-0424 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6907 |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Polar Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Polar Biol. |
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Volume |
33 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
485 -492 |
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Keywords |
incubation, instrumentation, penguin, |
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Abstract |
The use of data-loggers has permitted to explore the biology of free-ranging animals. However, this method has also been reported to reduce reproductive success while the reasons of this deleterious effect remain poorly documented. In this study, we aimed to identify critical periods of the breeding cycle of Ad,lie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) when the reproductive success may decrease because of instrumentation. For this purpose, we monitored 40 pairs, where one parent was instrumented before egg laying and 30 pairs without devices (controls). These pairs were followed at least during the incubation period but the majority was monitored during the entire breeding season. Reproductive success was affected in pairs where males were instrumented. This was not due to extra chick mortality during chick rearing but to a significantly lower hatching success. Moreover, the use of artificial eggs recording incubation temperatures and egg rotation indicated that in instrumented incubating males, eggs spent as much time at optimal incubation temperatures as control eggs but were rotated at a higher frequency. In Ad,lie penguins, males initiate incubation and it has been established that the early stage of incubation is one of the most critical periods for embryonic development. The low hatching rate observed in instrumented males was associated with a higher egg rotation rate, perhaps as a stress response to the presence of the instrument. Even though the causal effects remain unclear, instrumentation severely affected hatching success. For these reasons, we recommend equipping birds after the early incubation.
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137 |
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Publisher |
SPRINGER |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0722-4060 |
ISBN |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2010 |
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