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Lartaud Franck, Chauvaud Laurent, Richard Joëlle, Toulot Aurore, Bollinger Claire, Testut Laurent, Paulet Yves-Marie, |
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Title |
Experimental growth pattern calibration of Antarctic scallop shells (Adamussium colbecki, Smith 1902) to provide a biogenic archive of high-resolution records of environmental and climatic changes
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. |
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Volume |
393 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
158-167 |
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Keywords |
Adamussium colbecki, Antarctic scallop, Calcein marking, Growth pattern, LA-ICP-MS, |
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Abstract  |
To determine the potential of Antarctic bivalve shells as biomonitors for environmental and climatic variations in polar marine areas, we developed a growth model for juvenile Adamussium colbecki Smith, 1902 based on the use of in situ temporal calcein markings to calibrate growth patterns in the external striae formation. To minimize scallop stress caused by excessive handling, in situ benthic chambers were used for the marking experiment, during an exposure time of 6 h. Once marked, scallops remained on site in a benthic cage and were collected 18, 26, and 41 days later. Apart from a few specimens affected by possible calcein toxicity effects, the detectable mark in all shells revealed a higher austral summer growth rate for A. colbecki compared to other Antarctic bivalves. Using calcein labeling, we identified a near 14-day periodicity in the striae formation associated with the fortnightly seawater level regime. Striae counting and increment width measurements showed an annual cycle, with no clear cessation of growth in juvenile specimens, allowing age determination. Because of the relatively high growth rate for a polar species and easily recognizable sclerochronological calendar in the shell striae formation, A. colbecki is an appropriate species for high-resolution (infra-monthly) geochemical sampling. Comparison between LA-ICP-MS analyses (Li, B, Mg, Mn, Co, Sr, Ba, Pb) from one shell and hydrological parameters (sea level, temperature, salinity) measured in seawater suggests, however, that more work is needed to calibrate the trace element proxies. Nevertheless, the shell of the Antarctic scallop A. colbecki has tremendous potential for recording environmental conditions from time periods covering months to a few years in polar waters, notably the ice melting date. |
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1090 |
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0022-0981 |
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yes |
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368 |
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Katharine Keogan, Francis Daunt, Sarah Wanless, Richard A. Phillips, David Alvarez, Tycho Anker-Nilssen, Robert T. Barrett, Claus Bech, Peter H. Becker, Per-Arvid Berglund, Sandra Bouwhuis, Zofia M. Burr, Olivier Chastel, Signe Christensen-Dalsgaard, Sebastien Descamps, Tony Diamond, Kyle Elliott, Kjell-Einar Erikstad, Mike Harris, Jonas Hentati-Sundberg, Martin Heubeck, Stephen W. Kress, Magdalene Langset, Svein-Håkon Lorentsen, Heather L. Major, Mark Mallory, Mick Mellor, Will T. S. Miles, Børge Moe, Carolyn Mostello, Mark Newell, Ian Nisbet, Tone Kirstin Reiertsen, Jennifer Rock, Paula Shannon, Øystein Varpe, Sue Lewis, Albert B. Phillimore |
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Title |
Variation and correlation in the timing of breeding of North Atlantic seabirds across multiple scales |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Journal of Animal Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
91 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
1797-1812 |
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Keywords |
breeding time climate change macroecology multispecies phenology |
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Abstract |
Timing of breeding, an important driver of fitness in many populations, is widely studied in the context of global change, yet despite considerable efforts to identify environmental drivers of seabird nesting phenology, for most populations we lack evidence of strong drivers. Here we adopt an alternative approach, examining the degree to which different populations positively covary in their annual phenology to infer whether phenological responses to environmental drivers are likely to be (a) shared across species at a range of spatial scales, (b) shared across populations of a species or (c) idiosyncratic to populations. We combined 51 long-term datasets on breeding phenology spanning 50 years from nine seabird species across 29 North Atlantic sites and examined the extent to which different populations share early versus late breeding seasons depending on a hierarchy of spatial scales comprising breeding site, small-scale region, large-scale region and the whole North Atlantic. In about a third of cases, we found laying dates of populations of different species sharing the same breeding site or small-scale breeding region were positively correlated, which is consistent with the hypothesis that they share phenological responses to the same environmental conditions. In comparison, we found no evidence for positive phenological covariation among populations across species aggregated at larger spatial scales. In general, we found little evidence for positive phenological covariation between populations of a single species, and in many instances the inter-year variation specific to a population was substantial, consistent with each population responding idiosyncratically to local environmental conditions. Black-legged kittiwake Rissa tridactyla was the exception, with populations exhibiting positive covariation in laying dates that decayed with the distance between breeding sites, suggesting that populations may be responding to a similar driver. Our approach sheds light on the potential factors that may drive phenology in our study species, thus furthering our understanding of the scales at which different seabirds interact with interannual variation in their environment. We also identify additional systems and phenological questions to which our inferential approach could be applied. |
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330 |
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1365-2656 |
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yes |
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8447 |
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Brucker Ludovic, Picard Ghislain, Arnaud Laurent, Barnola Jean-Marc, Schneebeli Martin, Brunjail Hélène, Lefebvre Eric, Fily Michel, |
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Title |
Modeling time series of microwave brightness temperature at Dome C, Antarctica, using vertically resolved snow temperature and microstructure measurements
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Journal of Glaciology |
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Volume |
57 |
Issue |
201 |
Pages |
171 -182 |
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Abstract |
Time series of observed microwave brightness temperatures at Dome C, East Antarctic plateau, were modeled over 27 months with a multilayer microwave emission model based on dense-medium radiative transfer theory. The modeled time series of brightness temperature at 18.7 and 36.5 GHz were compared with Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-EOS observations. The model uses in situ high-resolution vertical profiles of temperature, snow density and grain size. The snow grain-size profile was derived from near-infrared (NIR) reflectance photography of a snow pit wall in the range 850-1100 nm. To establish the snow grain-size profile, from the NIR reflectance and the specific surface area of snow, two empirical relationships and a theoretical relationship were considered. In all cases, the modeled brightness temperatures were overestimated, and the grain-size profile had to be scaled to increase the scattering by snow grains. Using a scaling factor and a constant snow grain size below 3 m depth (i.e. below the image-derived snow pit grain-size profile), brightness temperatures were explained with a root-mean-square error close to 1 K. Most of this error is due to an overestimation of the predicted brightness temperature in summer at 36.5 GHz.
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454 |
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International Glaciological Society |
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yes |
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Serial |
2045 |
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Tiphaine Jeanniard‐du‐Dot, Andrew W. Trites, John P. Y. Arnould, John R. Speakman, Christophe Guinet |
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Title |
Activity-specific metabolic rates for diving, transiting, and resting at sea can be estimated from time–activity budgets in free-ranging marine mammals |
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Journal |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
2969-2976 |
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Keywords |
Antarctic fur seal Arctocephalus gazella Callorhinus ursinus diving energy expenditure foraging metabolic rate northern fur seal time–activity budget |
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Abstract |
Time and energy are the two most important currencies in animal bioenergetics. How much time animals spend engaged in different activities with specific energetic costs ultimately defines their likelihood of surviving and successfully reproducing. However, it is extremely difficult to determine the energetic costs of independent activities for free-ranging animals. In this study, we developed a new method to calculate activity-specific metabolic rates, and applied it to female fur seals. We attached biologgers (that recorded GPS locations, depth profiles, and triaxial acceleration) to 12 northern (Callorhinus ursinus) and 13 Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella), and used a hierarchical decision tree algorithm to determine time allocation between diving, transiting, resting, and performing slow movements at the surface (grooming, etc.). We concomitantly measured the total energy expenditure using the doubly-labelled water method. We used a general least-square model to establish the relationship between time–activity budgets and the total energy spent by each individual during their foraging trip to predict activity-specific metabolic rates. Results show that both species allocated similar time to diving ( 29%), transiting to and from their foraging grounds ( 26–30%), and resting ( 8–11%). However, Antarctic fur seals spent significantly more time grooming and moving slowly at the surface than northern fur seals (36% vs. 29%). Diving was the most expensive activity ( 30 MJ/day if done non-stop for 24 hr), followed by transiting at the surface ( 21 MJ/day). Interestingly, metabolic rates were similar between species while on land or while slowly moving at the surface ( 13 MJ/day). Overall, the average field metabolic rate was 20 MJ/day (for all activities combined). The method we developed to calculate activity-specific metabolic rates can be applied to terrestrial and marine species to determine the energetic costs of daily activities, as well as to predict the energetic consequences for animals forced to change their time allocations in response to environmental shifts. |
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109 |
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2045-7758 |
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2045-7758 |
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yes |
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7163 |
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Silvia Queipo-Abad, Zoyne Pedrero, Claudia Marchán-Moreno, Khouloud El Hanafi, Sylvain Bérail, Warren T. Corns, Yves Cherel, Paco Bustamante, David Amouroux |
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Title |
New insights into the biomineralization of mercury selenide nanoparticles through stable isotope analysis in giant petrel tissues |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Journal of Hazardous Materials |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
425 |
Issue |
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Pages |
127922 |
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Keywords |
HgSe nanoparticles Isotopic fractionation MeHg demethylation Mercury Seabirds |
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Abstract |
Tiemannite (HgSe) is considered the end-product of methylmercury (MeHg) demethylation in vertebrates. The biomineralization of HgSe nanoparticles (NPs) is understood to be an efficient MeHg detoxification mechanism; however, the process has not yet been fully elucidated. In order to contribute to the understanding of complex Hg metabolism and HgSe NPs formation, the Hg isotopic signatures of 40 samples of 11 giant petrels were measured. This seabird species is one of the largest avian scavengers in the Southern Ocean, highly exposed to MeHg through their diet, reaching Hg concentrations in the liver up to more than 900 µg g-1. This work constitutes the first species-specific isotopic measurement (δ202Hg, Δ199Hg) of HgSe NPs in seabirds and the largest characterization of this compound in biota. Similar δ202Hg values specifically associated to HgSe (δ202HgHgSe) and tissues (δ202Hgbulk) dominated by inorganic Hg species were found, suggesting that no isotopic fractionation is induced during the biomineralization step from the precursor (demethylated) species. In contrast, the largest variations between δ202Hgbulk and δ202HgHgSe were observed in muscle and brain tissues. This could be attributed to the higher fraction of Hg present as MeHg in these tissues. Hg-biomolecules screening highlights the importance of the isotopic characterization of these (unknown) complexes. |
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109 |
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0304-3894 |
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yes |
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8394 |
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Pengyang Song, Dmitry Sidorenko, Patrick Scholz, Maik Thomas, Gerrit Lohmann |
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Title |
The tidal effects in the Finite-volumE Sea ice–Ocean Model (FESOM2.1): a comparison between parameterised tidal mixing and explicit tidal forcing |
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2023 |
Publication |
Geoscientific Model Development |
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16 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
383-405 |
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Abstract |
Tides are proved to have a significant effect on the ocean and climate. Previous modelling research either adds a tidal mixing parameterisation or an explicit tidal forcing to the ocean models. However, no research compares the two approaches in the same framework. Here we implement both schemes in a general ocean circulation model and assess both methods by comparing the results. The aspects for comparison involve hydrography, sea ice, meridional overturning circulation (MOC), vertical diffusivity, barotropic streamfunction and energy diagnostics. We conclude that although the mesh resolution is poor in resolving internal tides in most mid-latitude and shelf-break areas, explicit tidal forcing still shows stronger tidal mixing at the Kuril–Aleutian Ridge and the Indonesian Archipelago than the tidal mixing parameterisation. Beyond that, the explicit tidal forcing method leads to a stronger upper cell of the Atlantic MOC by enhancing the Pacific MOC and the Indonesian Throughflow. Meanwhile, the tidal mixing parameterisation leads to a stronger lower cell of the Atlantic MOC due to the tidal mixing in deep oceans. Both methods maintain the Antarctic Circumpolar Current at a higher level than the control run by increasing the meridional density gradient. We also show several phenomena that are not considered in the tidal mixing parameterisation, for example, the changing of energy budgets in the ocean system, the bottom drag induced mixing on the continental shelves and the sea ice transport by tidal motions. Due to the limit of computational capacity, an internal-tide-resolving simulation is not feasible for climate studies. However, a high-resolution short-term tidal simulation is still required to improve parameters and parameterisation schemes in climate studies. |
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688 |
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1991-959X |
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yes |
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8643 |
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Anzhou Cao, Zheng Guo, Xiaoyu Qi, Peiliang Li, Hailun He |
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Title |
Seasonal and nodal variations of predominant tidal constituents in the global ocean |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Continental Shelf Research |
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Volume |
217 |
Issue |
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Pages |
104372 |
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Keywords |
Fitting Modified two-step harmonic analysis Nodal modulation Seasonal variation Tide gauge Tides |
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Abstract |
Tides are one of the basic types of ocean water motions. Previous studies have reported that the M2 constituent exhibits seasonal variations (annual cycles) in some regions. However, based on the newly proposed method of modified two-step harmonic analysis (HA) and its application at 240 global tide gauges, we find that the M2 constituent as well as the S2 and K1 do not have significant seasonal variations at these tide gauges. The seasonal variations of the M2 constituent reported in previous studies are caused by its satellites, the H1 and H2 constituents, which are not resolved in these studies due to the short time window (one month or three months) used in HA. Because the frequency of the H1 (H2) constituent is equal to that of the M2 minus (plus) the frequency of annual cycles, the superposition of the M2, H1 and H2 constituents with constant amplitudes is equivalent to the M2 constituent with seasonally varying amplitudes. Compared with the new method, some adaptations to traditional HA aiming to capture variations in amplitudes and phase lags of constituents have some limitations, because they either neglect some satellites of the major constitutes or introduce spurious fluctuations resulting from an unreasonably large number of independent points. The nodal modulations of predominant constituents are also explored in this study. On the global scale, the nodal modulations of the M2, K1 and O1 constituents agree with the theoretical predictions, except a cold spot region with reduced nodal modulation in the Gulf of Maine and a hot spot region with enhanced nodal modulation in the South China Sea for the M2. Nodal modulation is also found for the S2 constituent (in theory, the S2 has no nodal modulation), which is 0.8% averaged at 164 tide gauges where the S2 is not too weak. |
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688 |
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0278-4343 |
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yes |
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8032 |
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Author |
Alakkat S. Unnikrishnan, Andrew Matthews, Médéric Gravelle, Laurent Testut, Thorkild Aarup, Philip L. Woodworth, B. Ajay Kumar |
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Title |
Tide gauges |
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Book |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Beal, lisa m.; vialard, jérôme; roxy, mathew k., (eds.) full report. indoos-2: a roadmap to sustained observations of the indian ocean for 2020-2030. clivar/ioc-goos indian ocean region panel (iorp) |
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31-34 |
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Tide gauge measurements provide data for routine tidal predictions in ports as well as for extreme events such as storm surges and tsunamis. Along with satellite altimeter measurements, tide gauges also provide measurements used for sea-level rise estimates. This is particularly important for impact assessment in low-lying coastlines of south Asia as well as islands such as the Maldives in the Indian Ocean. |
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688 |
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8033 |
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Unnikrishnan A. S., A. Matthews, M. Gravelle, L. Testut, T. Aarup, P. L. Woodworth and B. A. Kumar. |
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Title |
Tide gauges. In: Beal, Lisa M.; Vialard, Jérôme; Roxy, Mathew K., (eds.) Full Report. IndOOS-2: A roadmap to sustained observations of the Indian Ocean for 2020-2030 |
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2019 |
Publication |
Clivar/ioc-goos indian ocean region panel (iorp), |
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Pages |
31-34 |
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Tide gauge measurements provide data for routine tidal predictions in ports as well as for extreme events such as storm surges and tsunamis. Along with satellite altimeter measurements, tide gauges also provide measurements used for sea-level rise estimates. This is particularly important for impact assessment in low-lying coastlines of south Asia as well as islands such as the Maldives in the Indian Ocean. |
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yes |
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Serial |
8653 |
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Armelle Poisson, Thierry Boulinier, Laure Bournez, Gaëlle Gonzalez, Camille V. Migné, Sara Moutailler, Bruno Faivre, Raphaëlle Métras |
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Title |
Tick-borne zoonotic flaviviruses and Borrelia infections in wildlife hosts: What have field studies contributed? |
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Year |
2024 |
Publication |
One Health |
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18 |
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Pages |
100747 |
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Keywords |
Flavivirus Host Reservoir Sentinel Tick-borne diseases Wildlife |
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Abstract |
Tick-borne flaviviruses and Borrelia spp. are globally spread pathogens of zoonotic potential that are maintained by a transmission cycle at the interface between ticks and vertebrate hosts, mainly wild animals. Aside data on pathogen burden in ticks, information on the status of various hosts relative to infection is important to acquire. We reviewed how those infections have been studied in wildlife host species in the field to discuss how collected data provided relevant epidemiological information and to identify needs for further studies. The literature was screened for observational studies on pathogen or antibody detection for tick-borne Borrelia spp. and flaviviruses in wildlife host animals. Overall, Borrelia spp. were more studied (73% of case studies, representing 297 host species) than flaviviruses (27% of case studies, representing 114 host species). Studies on both Borrelia spp. and flaviviruses focused mainly on the same species, namely bank vole and yellow-necked mouse. Most studies were order-specific and cross-sectional, reporting prevalence at various locations, but with little insight into the underlying epidemiological dynamics. Host species with potential to act as reservoir hosts of these pathogens were neglected, notably birds. We highlight the necessity of collecting both demographics and infection data in wildlife studies, and to consider communities of species, to better estimate zoonotic risk potential in the One Health context. |
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yes |
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8779 |
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