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Author |
Reijmer, C.H.; Oerlemans, J. |
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Title |
Temporal and spatial variability of the surface energy balance in Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Journal of geophysical research-atmospheres |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Geophys. Res. |
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Volume |
107 |
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Keywords |
1827 Hydrology: Glaciology; 1863 Hydrology: Snow and ice; 3307 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Boundary layer processes; 3349 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Polar meteorology; 9310 Information Related to Geographic Region: Antarctica |
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Abstract  |
We present data of nine Automatic Weather Stations (AWS), which are located in Dronning Maud Land (DML), East Antarctica, since the austral summer of 1997. Potential temperature and wind speed are maximum at the sites with the steepest surface slope, i.e., at the edge of the Antarctic plateau. Specific humidity and accumulation decrease with elevation and distance from the coast. The annual average energy gain at the surface from the downward sensible heat flux varies between ?3 W m?2 and ?25 W m?2, with the highest values at the sites with the largest surface inclination and wind speeds. The net radiative flux is negative and largely balances this sensible heat flux and ranges from ??2 W m?2 to ??28 W m?2; maximum values can be linked to maxima in surface slope and wind speed, and suggest a strong connection between the heat budget and the katabatic flow in DML. The average latent heat flux is generally small and negative (??1 W m?2) indicating a slight net mass loss through sublimation. |
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960 |
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American Geophysical Union |
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ISSN |
0148-0227 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
IPEV @ Thierry.Lemaire @ |
Serial |
5638 |
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Author |
Favier V, Agosta C, Parouty S, Durand G, Delaygue G, Gallée H, Drouet A-S, Trouvilliez A, Krinner G, |
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Title |
An updated and quality controlled surface mass balance dataset for Antarctica
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
The Cryosphere |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
3667-3702 |
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Abstract |
We present an updated and quality controlled surface mass balance (SMB) database for the Antarctic ice sheet. We retrieved a total of 5284 SMB data documented with important meta-data, to which a filter was applied to discard data with limited spatial and temporal representativeness, too small measurement accuracy, or lack of quality control. A total of 3438 reliable data was obtained, which is about four times more than by applying the same data filtering process to previously available databases. New important data with high spatial resolution are now available over long traverses, and at low elevation in some areas. However, the quality control led to a considerable reduction in the spatial density of data in several regions, particularly over West Antarctica. Over interior plateaus, where the SMB is low, the spatial density of measurements remained high. This quality controlled dataset was compared to results from ERA-Interim reanalysis to assess model representativeness over Antarctica, and also to identify large areas where data gaps impede model validation. Except for very few areas (e.g. Adelie Land), the elevation range between 200 m and 1000 m a.s.l. is not correctly sampled in the field, and measurements do not allow a thorough validation of models in regions with complex topography, where the highest scattering of SMB values is reported. Clearly, increasing the spatial density of field measurements at low elevations, in the Antarctic Peninsula and in West Antarctica remains a scientific priority. |
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411 |
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1994-0440 |
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yes |
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4582 |
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Author |
F. Pitout, A. Marchaudon, K. J. Trattner, J. Berchem, H. Laakso, C. P. Escoubet |
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Title |
Simultaneous Polar and Cluster Observations in the Northern and Southern Middle-Altitude Polar Cusps Around Equinox |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics |
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Volume |
125 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
e2020JA028346 |
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Keywords |
dayside magnetosphere hemispheric asymmetry polar cusp |
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We present an event of simultaneous observations of the northern and southern middle-altitude polar cusps by the Polar spacecraft and Cluster fleet that occurred on 23 September 2004. We examine the possible asymmetries in the fields and plasma parameters, although the proximity of the equinox should limit these asymmetries. Ion sensors reveal two dispersions in both cusps, and data analysis leads to the conclusion that those dispersions are due to pulsed reconnection at a single X-line, which runs along the subsolar magnetopause. While the electromagnetic and particle energy fluxes injected in both cusp are globally very similar, we report significant differences in ion dispersions, width of the low-latitude boundary layer, and peak convection velocities. We ascribe these differences to the dipole tilt that introduces an asymmetry in the magnetosheath flow at the exterior cusps. |
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312 |
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2169-9402 |
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yes |
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6363 |
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Author |
David C, Haefele A, Keckhut P, Marchand M, Jumelet J, Leblanc T, Cenac C, Laqui C, Porteneuve J, Haeffelin M, Courcoux Y, Snels M, Viterbini M, Quatrevalet M, |
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Title |
Evaluation of stratospheric ozone, temperature, and aerosol profiles from the LOANA lidar in Antarctica
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Polar Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
34 |
Pages |
209-225 |
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Keywords |
Polar ozone, Polar stratospheric clouds, Lidar, Stratosphere, |
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Abstract |
We present an evaluation of observations from the Lidar Ozone and Aerosol for NDACC in Antarctica (LOANA) at the Dumont dUrville station, Antarctica. This instrument is part of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC), and ensures continuity with lidar measurements made since 1989 with the previous instrument at this site. This study is based on the dataset from 2008 to 2009, and comparisons are made with observations from balloon soundings, and from three satellite experiments: Aura/MLS, TIMED/SABER, and CALIOP/CALIPSO. The lidar ozone data are in very good agreement with the balloon sounding data (ECC sensor), revealing a bias of less than 3% between 17 and 34 km. For temperature, the lidar shows a low bias of 3 K at 20 km when compared with Aura/MLS. Between 30 and 50 km, the bias is less than 2 K. We also present our initial results showing diurnal variations in temperature. The amplitude of these diurnal cycles is on the order of 1 K and is unlikely to account for the temperature biases between LOANA and the reference instruments. Comparisons of total attenuated backscatter reveal good qualitative agreement between LOANA and CALIOP, with differences of less than 30% in the derived optical depth. |
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209 |
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ISSN |
1873-9652 |
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yes |
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Serial |
4164 |
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Author |
T. Shirai, M. Ishizawa, R. Zhuravlev, A. Ganshin, D. Belikov, M. Saito, T. Oda, V. Valsala, A. J. Gomez-Pelaez, R. Langenfelds, S. Maksyutov |
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Title |
A decadal inversion of CO2 using the Global Eulerian–Lagrangian Coupled Atmospheric model (GELCA): sensitivity to the ground-based observation network |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
69 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1291158 |
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Keywords |
carbon cycle carbon dioxide coupled model flux estimation inversion top-down approach tropical Asia |
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Abstract |
We present an assimilation system for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) using a Global Eulerian–Lagrangian Coupled Atmospheric model (GELCA), and demonstrate its capability to capture the observed atmospheric CO2 mixing ratios and to estimate CO2 fluxes. With the efficient data handling scheme in GELCA, our system assimilates non-smoothed CO2 data from observational data products such as the Observation Package (ObsPack) data products as constraints on surface fluxes. We conducted sensitivity tests to examine the impact of the site selections and the prior uncertainty settings of observation on the inversion results. For these sensitivity tests, we made five different site/data selections from the ObsPack product. In all cases, the time series of the global net CO2 flux to the atmosphere stayed close to values calculated from the growth rate of the observed global mean atmospheric CO2 mixing ratio. At regional scales, estimated seasonal CO2 fluxes were altered, depending on the CO2 data selected for assimilation. Uncertainty reductions were determined at the regional scale and compared among cases. As measures of the model–data mismatch, we used the model–data bias, root-mean-square error, and the linear correlation. For most observation sites, the model–data mismatch was reasonably small. Regarding regional flux estimates, tropical Asia was one of the regions that showed a significant impact from the observation network settings. We found that the surface fluxes in tropical Asia were the most sensitive to the use of aircraft measurements over the Pacific, and the seasonal cycle agreed better with the results of bottom-up studies when the aircraft measurements were assimilated. These results confirm the importance of these aircraft observations, especially for constraining surface fluxes in the tropics. |
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416 |
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ISSN |
0280-6509 |
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yes |
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6965 |
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Author |
Andrea Spolaor, Beatrice Moroni, Bartłomiej Luks, Adam Nawrot, Marco Roman, Catherine Larose, Łukasz Stachnik, Federica Bruschi, Krystyna Kozioł, Filip Pawlak, Clara Turetta, Elena Barbaro, Jean-Charles Gallet, David Cappelletti |
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Title |
Investigation on the Sources and Impact of Trace Elements in the Annual Snowpack and the Firn in the Hansbreen (Southwest Spitsbergen) |
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Journal |
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2021 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Earth Science |
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8 |
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Abstract |
We present a thorough evaluation of the water soluble fraction of the trace element composition (Ca, Sr, Mg, Na, K, Li, B, Rb, U, Ni, Co, As, Cs, Cd, Mo, Se, Eu, Ba, V, Ge, Ga, Cr, Cr, P, Ti, Mn, Zr, Ce, Zn, Fe, Gd, Y, Pb, Bi, Yb, Al, Nb, Er, Nd, Dy, Sm, Ho, Th, La, Lu, Tm, Pr, Tb, Fe, In, Tl) and their fluxes in the annual snowpack and the firn of the Hansbreen (a tidewater glacier terminating in the Hornsund fjord, southwest Spitsbergen). The trace element samples were obtained from a 3 m deep snow pit dug at the plateau of the glacier (450 m a.s.l.), and from a 2 m deep firn core collected from the bottom of the snow pit. The comparison of elemental fluxes and enrichment factors allowed us to constrain specific summer and wintertime deposition patterns of water soluble trace elements in the southern part of the Svalbard archipelago. Our results suggest that the chemical composition of the Hansbreen (and likely other glaciers where the summit is close to the equilibrium line) is mainly affected by summertime deposition of trace elements from local sources and some volatile elements, which may be transported into the Arctic when polar vortex is weak. The melting of the annual snowpack seems to have a minor influence on the overall chemical signature of the glacier ice. |
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1192 |
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2296-6463 |
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yes |
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8606 |
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Author |
Chisham G, Freeman M P, Abel G A, Bristow W A, Marchaudon A, Ruohoniemi J M, Sofko G J, |
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Title |
Spatial distribution of average vorticity in the high-latitude ionosphere and its variation with interplanetary magnetic field direction and season
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
J. Geophys. Res. |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Geophys. Res. |
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Volume |
114 |
Issue |
A9 |
Pages |
A09301 - |
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Keywords |
ionosphere, vorticity, field-aligned current, 2431 Ionosphere: Ionosphere/magnetosphere interactions, 2409 Ionosphere: Current systems, 2437 Ionosphere: Ionospheric dynamics, 2494 Ionosphere: Instruments and techniques, 2721 Magnetospheric Physics: Field-aligned currents and current systems, |
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Abstract |
We present a technique to measure the magnetic field-aligned vorticity of mesoscale plasma flows in the F region ionosphere using line-of-sight velocity measurements made by the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN). Vorticity is often used as a proxy for magnetic field-aligned current (FAC) intensity in the ionosphere but also provides information about turbulent processes in the ionosphere and magnetosphere. Using 6 years (2000–2005 inclusive) of vorticity measurements made by six SuperDARN radars in the Northern Hemisphere, we have compiled, for the first time, maps of average vorticity across the northern polar ionosphere. These maps have been subdivided according to different seasonal and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) conditions. The variations in the morphology of the vorticity maps with IMF direction match very closely those seen in maps of average FAC intensity (determined using different methods and instrumentation), suggesting that vorticity is a good proxy for FAC in an averaged sense. The variations in the morphology of the vorticity maps with season show differences from those seen in the FAC maps, illustrating that ionospheric conductance plays a major role in determining the differences between measurements of vorticity and FAC.
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312;911 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Publisher |
AGU |
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0148-0227 |
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yes |
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2084 |
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Guillaume Delpech, James M. Scott, Michel Grégoire, Bertrand N. Moine, Dongxu Li, Jingao Liu, D. Graham Pearson, Quinten H. A. van der Meer, Tod E. Waight, Gilbert Michon, Damien Guillaume, Suzanne Y. O'Reilly, Jean-Yves Cottin, André Giret |
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Title |
The subantarctic lithospheric mantle |
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2023 |
Publication |
Geological Society, London, Memoirs |
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56 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
115-132 |
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Abstract |
We present a summary of peridotite in the Subantarctic (46–60° S) surrounding the Antarctic Plate. Peridotite xenoliths occur on the Kerguelen Islands and Auckland Islands. The Kerguelen Islands are underlain by a plume, whereas the Auckland Islands are part of continental Zealandia, which is a Gondwana-rifted fragment. Small amounts of serpentinized peridotite has been dredged from fracture zones on the Southeast Indian Ridge, Southwest Indian Ridge and Pacific Antarctic Ridge, and represent upwelled asthenosphere accreted to form lithosphere. Suprasubduction-zone peridotite was collected from two locations on the Sandwich Plate. Peridotites from most subantarctic occurrences are moderately to highly depleted, and many show signs of subsequent metasomatic enrichment. Os isotopes indicate that subantarctic continental and oceanic lithospheric mantle contains ancient fragments that underwent depletion long before formation of the overlying crust. |
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1077 |
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yes |
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8612 |
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De Lauretis M., Patrizia Francia, Andrea Piancatelli, Massimo Vellante, Umberto Villante |
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Title |
Low and mid-frequency pulsations in the polar cap: polarization pattern and MLT dependence of the spectral power during the descending phase of the solar cycle |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
Publication |
Annals of geophysics |
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Volume |
52 |
Issue |
1 |
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27-34 |
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Keywords |
ULF waves; Antarctica; Geomagnet; ic pulsations; Polarization pattern; upstream waves |
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Abstract |
We present a statistical analysis of ULF (1-100 mHz) geomagnetic measurements conducted during years 2003-2006 at the Italian/French base of Concordia at Dome C, close to the geomagnetic pole, and at the Italian base «Mario Zucchelli» at Terra Nova Bay, also located in the polar cap, but at lower latitude. Our analysis shows that high latitude ULF pulsation power is largely controlled by the solar wind speed. At Terra Nova Bay the power shows a maximum at local noon, clearly related to cusp and closed field lines phenomena. At few mHz, the polarization pattern indicates field line resonances driven, just equatorward with respect to the station, by waves propagating tailward; the polarization of higher frequency pulsations, mostly originated from interplanetary upstream waves, suggests waves propagating sunward from the night sector. At Dome C the wave power shows a small enhancement in the local morning, more pronounced for mid-frequency pulsations; the polarization pattern, at all frequencies, appears to indicate waves propagating sunward from the night sector, suggesting a propagation channel to the ground via the magnetotail lobes. |
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1130 |
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1593-5213 |
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yes |
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5371 |
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Author |
E. Aristidi, A. Agabi, L. Abe, E. Fossat, A. Ziad, D. Mékarnia |
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Title |
Dome C coherence time statistics from DIMM data |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
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Volume |
496 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
4822-4826 |
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Keywords |
Astrophysics – Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics |
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Abstract |
We present a reanalysis of several years of DIMM data at the site of Dome C, Antarctica, to provide measurements of the coherence time $\tau0$. Statistics and seasonal behaviour of $\tau0$ are given at two heights above the ground, 3m and 8m, for the wavelength $\lambda=500$nm. We found an annual median value of $2.9$ms at the height of 8m. A few measurements could also be obtained at the height of 20m and give a median value of 6ms during the period June--September. For the first time, we provide measurements of $\tau0$ in daytime during the summer, which appears to show the same time dependence as the seeing with a sharp maximum at 5pm local time. Exceptional values of $\tau0$ above 10ms are met at this particular moment. The continuous slow variations of turbulence conditions during the day offers a natural test bed for a solar adaptive optics system. |
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0035-8711, 1365-2966 |
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0035-8711, 1365-2966 |
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yes |
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7825 |
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