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Author Maud Quéroué, Christophe Barbraud, Frédéric Barraquand, Daniel Turek, Karine Delord, Nathan Pacoureau, Olivier Gimenez file  doi
openurl 
  Title Multispecies integrated population model reveals bottom-up dynamics in a seabird predator–prey system Type Journal
  Year 2021 Publication Ecological Monographs Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 91 Issue 3 Pages e01459  
  Keywords Bayesian inference demography environmental variation integrated population model matrix population model Nimble predator–prey interactions  
  Abstract (down) Assessing the effects of climate and interspecific relationships on communities is challenging because of the complex interplay between species population dynamics, their interactions, and the need to integrate information across several biological levels (individuals, populations, communities). Usually used to quantify single-species demography, integrated population models (IPMs) have recently been extended to communities. These models allow fitting multispecies matrix models to data from multiple sources while simultaneously accounting for uncertainty in each data source. We used multispecies IPMs accommodating climatic variables to quantify the relative contribution of climate vs. interspecific interactions on demographic parameters, such as survival and breeding success, in the dynamics of a predator–prey system. We considered a stage-structured predator–prey system combining 22 yr of capture–recapture data and population counts of two seabirds, the Brown Skua (Catharacta lönnbergi) and its main prey the Blue Petrel (Halobaena caerulea), both breeding on the Kerguelen Islands in the Southern Ocean. Our results showed that climate and predator–prey interactions drive the demography of skuas and petrels in different ways. The breeding success of skuas appeared to be largely driven by the number of petrels and to a lesser extent by intraspecific density dependence. In contrast, there was no evidence of predation effects on the demographic parameters of petrels, which were affected by oceanographic factors. We conclude that bottom-up mechanisms are the main drivers of this skua–petrel system.  
  Programme 109  
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  Corporate Author Thesis Bachelor's thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1557-7015 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 8210  
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Author Alexandra Lavrillier, Semen Gabyshev doi  openurl
  Title An Indigenous science of the climate change impacts on landscape topography in Siberia Type Journal
  Year 2021 Publication Ambio Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 50 Issue 11 Pages 1910-1925  
  Keywords  
  Abstract (down) As with many Indigenous Peoples, the Siberian Evenki nomadic reindeer herders and hunters have observed increasing consequences of climate change on the cryosphere and biodiversity. Since 2017, they have observed previously unthinkable changes in topography. Based exclusively on an Evenki Indigenous Ecological Knowledge system-social anthropology coproduction and community-based continuous observation from 2013, this paper analyses what a Subarctic People observes, knows, does not know, hypothesizes, and models (collectively or individually) about climate change impacts on Indigenous landscape types typical for local river systems. These landscapes are crucial tools for traditional activities. To the nomads, the landscape changes emerge from general anomalies: competition from new plant species; atmosphere–ground–vegetation interactions; icing blisters decrease; rising receding river water interactions; the formation of new soil, ice, and snow types; increasing ground, air, and water temperatures; and the (non)circulation of harsh air throughout the snowpack. We demonstrate the science-like structure and value of Indigenous typologies and hypotheses.  
  Programme 1127  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1654-7209 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 7627  
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Author N. Ribeiro, L. Herraiz-Borreguero, S. R. Rintoul, C. R. McMahon, M. Hindell, R. Harcourt, G. Williams doi  openurl
  Title Warm Modified Circumpolar Deep Water Intrusions Drive Ice Shelf Melt and Inhibit Dense Shelf Water Formation in Vincennes Bay, East Antarctica Type Journal
  Year 2021 Publication Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 126 Issue 8 Pages e2020JC016998  
  Keywords AABW Antarctic Coastal Circulation Antarctic Margins basal melt mCDW intrusions seal CTD  
  Abstract (down) Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) production supplies the deep limb of the global overturning circulation and ventilates the deep ocean. While the Weddell and Ross Seas are recognized as key sites for AABW production, additional sources have been discovered in coastal polynya regions around East Antarctica, most recently at Vincennes Bay. Vincennes Bay, despite encompassing two distinct polynya regions, is considered the weakest source, producing Dense Shelf Water (DSW) only just dense enough to contribute to the lighter density classes of AABW found offshore. Here we provide the first detailed oceanographic observations of the continental shelf in Vincennes Bay (104-111°E), using CTD data from instrumented elephant seals spanning from February to November of 2012. We find that Vincennes Bay has East Antarctica’s warmest recorded intrusions of modified Circumpolar Deep Water (mCDW) and that warm mCDW drives basal melt under Vanderford and Underwood ice shelves. Our study also provides the first direct observational evidence for the inflow of meltwater to this region, which increases stratification and hinders DSW formation, and thus AABW production. The Vincennes Bay glaciers, together with the Totten Glacier, drain part of the Aurora Basin, which holds up to 7 m of sea level rise equivalent. Our results highlight the vulnerability of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet to intrusions of mCDW.  
  Programme 109  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2169-9291 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 8211  
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Author Stier A, Lewden A, Ruuskanen S, Noiret A, Angelier F, Robin Jp, Bize P, Raclot T, Roussel D, Ropert-coudert Y, Viblanc Va openurl 
  Title HotPenguin : cool in the water, too hot on land ? Risks and consequences of heat stress in penguins facing climate change Type Peer-reviewed symposium
  Year 2021 Publication 17émes journées scientifiques du cnfra, 26-27 mai 202, paris, france. oral, actes du colloque. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract (down) Animals from polar regions have evolved highly specialized adaptations to cope with cold climates, which put them at risk regarding the current rapid climate change. This is especially true for penguins who live most of the year in cold water, but breed on land in the spring/summer. Penguins are thereby likely to be threatened by periods of unusually warm temperatures on land. While heat stress is increasingly studied in warm regions, few studies have investigated whether heat stress could occur in polar regions, and to what extent it could affect individual health and reproduction. My aim is to fill this knowledge gap by leading a collaborative research project taking an integrative approach, from animal behavior to the sub-cellular level. This project aims at helping to better predict how penguin populations will respond to future climate change, and raise awareness of scientists, stakeholders and the general public towards an under-appreciated risk of climate change in polar regions.  
  Programme 119  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 8107  
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Author Karen D. McCoy isbn  openurl
  Title Community-Level Interactions and Disease Dynamics Type Book
  Year 2021 Publication Infectious Disease Ecology of Wild Birds Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract (down) An ecological community includes all individuals of all species that interact within a single patch or local area of habitat. Understanding the outcome of host–parasite interactions and predicting disease dynamics is particularly challenging at this biological scale because the different component species interact both directly and indirectly in complex ways. Current shifts in biodiversity due to global change, and its associated modifications to biological communities, will alter these interactions, including the probability of disease emergence, its dynamics over time, and its community-level consequences. Birds are integral component species of almost all natural communities. Due to their ubiquity and specific life history traits, they are defining actors in the ecology, evolution, and epidemiology of parasitic species. To better understand this role, this chapter examines the relative importance of birds and parasites in natural communities, revisiting basic notions in community ecology. The impact of changes in diversity for disease dynamics, including the debate surrounding dilution and amplification effects are specifically addressed. By considering the intrinsic complexities of natural communities, the importance of combining data from host and parasite communities to better understand how natural systems function over time and space is highlighted. The different elements in each section of the chapter are illustrated with brief, concrete examples from avian species, with a detailed example from marine bird communities in which Lyme disease bacteria circulate.  
  Programme 333  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 978-0-19-874624-9 ISBN 978-0-19-874624-9 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 8498  
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Author Alexandre Corbeau, Julien Collet, Adrien Pajot, Rocío Joo, Thibaut Thellier, Henri Weimerskirch doi  openurl
  Title Differences in foraging habitat result in contrasting fisheries interactions in two albatross populations Type Journal
  Year 2021 Publication Marine Ecology Progress Series Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 663 Issue Pages 197-208  
  Keywords Boat attraction Crozet Diomedea exulans Fisheries Fisheries discards Kerguelen  
  Abstract (down) Albatrosses attend fishing boats to feed on fishing discards but are often at risk of accidental bycatch. To examine whether populations (same species) and sexes differ in their overlap with fisheries due to differences in habitat use, we combined the use of recently developed loggers equipped with GPS and boat radar detectors with Automatic Identification System (AIS) data. Our study indicates that incubating wandering albatrosses Diomedea exulans from Crozet and Kerguelen foraged in different habitats although the duration of trips was similar. Both female and male Kerguelen birds took advantage of the large and productive surrounding shelf, whereas Crozet birds used the small shelf around the islands to a lesser extent. In Crozet, there was segregation between males and females, the latter favouring deeper and warmer waters. The 2 strategies of habitat use led to different overlap and attraction to boats, with Kerguelen birds encountering and attending boats for longer and at closer proximity to the colony than Crozet birds. Crozet females encountered boats at greater distances from the colony than males. Because of their different habitat use and foraging outside exclusive economic zones (EEZ) and further from the colony, Crozet birds attended more non-declared boats (without AIS) than Kerguelen birds. Albatrosses were more attracted by fisheries than cargo vessels and were especially attracted by fishing discards that led them to attend vessels for longer periods for both sexes and populations. The differences found between populations and individuals in terms of habitat specialization and encounter rate of fisheries should be considered for future assessments of risk of bycatch.  
  Programme 109  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0171-8630, 1616-1599 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 7940  
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Author Alexander L. Bond, Christopher Taylor, David Kinchin-Smith, Derren Fox, Emma Witcutt, Peter G. Ryan, Simon P. Loader, Henri Weimerskirch doi  openurl
  Title A juvenile Tristan albatross (Diomedea dabbenena) on land at the Crozet Islands Type Journal
  Year 2021 Publication Polar Biology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 44 Issue 1 Pages 229-233  
  Keywords  
  Abstract (down) Albatrosses and other seabirds are generally highly philopatric, returning to natal colonies when they achieve breeding age. This is not universal, however, and cases of extraordinary vagrancy are rare. The Tristan Albatross (Diomedea dabbenena) breeds on Gough Island in the South Atlantic Ocean, with a small population on Inaccessible Island, Tristan da Cunha, ca 380 km away. In 2015, we observed an adult male albatross in Gonydale, Gough Island, which had been ringed on Ile de la Possession, Crozet Islands in 2009 when it was assumed to be an immature Wandering Albatross (D. exulans). We sequenced 1109 bp of the cytochrome b mitochondrial gene from this bird, and confirmed it to be a Tristan Albatross, meaning its presence on Crozet 6 years previous, and nearly 5000 km away, was a case of prospecting behaviour in a heterospecific colony. Given the challenges in identifying immature Diomedea albatrosses, such dispersal events may be more common than thought previously.  
  Programme 109  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1432-2056 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 8083  
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Author Benjamin Merkel, Sébastien Descamps, Nigel G. Yoccoz, David Grémillet, Francis Daunt, Kjell E. Erikstad, Aleksey V. Ezhov, Mike P. Harris, Maria Gavrilo, Svein-Håkon Lorentsen, Tone K. Reiertsen, Harald Steen, Geir H. Systad, Þorkell Lindberg Þórarinsson, Sarah Wanless, Hallvard Strøm doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Individual migration strategy fidelity but no habitat specialization in two congeneric seabirds Type Journal
  Year 2021 Publication Journal of Biogeography Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 48 Issue 2 Pages 263-275  
  Keywords guillemots light-level geolocation murres Uria aalge Uria lomvia  
  Abstract (down) Aim In migratory species, individuals often use fixed and individual-specific migration strategies, which we term individual migration strategy fidelity (IMSF). Our goal was to test if guillemots have flexible or fixed individual migration strategies (i.e. IMSF), if this behaviour is consistent across large parts of the genus’ range and if they were philopatric to geographical sites or a habitat feature. Location North Atlantic. Taxon Uria spp. Methods We quantified consistent individual differences in inter-annual spatial distribution and habitat occupied throughout the non-breeding period using a large geolocator tracking dataset of 729 adult seabirds breeding at 13 colonies across the Northeast Atlantic and repeatedly tracked up to 7 years over a 9-year period. Additionally, we used a similarity index to calculate relative fidelity to either geographical sites or habitats and linear mixed-effects models to assess persistence of spatial site fidelity over multiple years. Results Both guillemot species exhibited IMSF across a large part of the genus’ range which persisted over multiple years. Individuals of both species and almost all colonies showed fidelity to geographical sites and not to specific habitats. Main conclusions Guillemots show IMSF that is best explained by site familiarity (fidelity to specific sites) rather than habitat specialization (fidelity to specific habitats). In the context of rapidly changing environments, favourable habitats may permanently shift locations and hence species displaying IMSF driven by site familiarity—such as the genus Uria—may not be able to adjust their migration strategies sufficiently fast to sustain individual fitness and ensure population persistence.  
  Programme 388  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1365-2699 ISBN 1365-2699 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 8025  
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Author Manuele Bazzichetto, François Massol, Marta Carboni, Jonathan Lenoir, Jonas J. Lembrechts, Rémi Joly, David Renault doi  openurl
  Title Once upon a time in the far south: Influence of local drivers and functional traits on plant invasion in the harsh sub-Antarctic islands Type Journal
  Year 2021 Publication Journal of Vegetation Science Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 32 Issue 4 Pages e13057  
  Keywords alien plants anthropogenic propagule pressure cold environments human disturbances plant invasiveness species distribution models topoclimate  
  Abstract (down) Aim Here, we aim to: (a) investigate the local effect of environmental and anthropogenic factors on alien plant invasion in sub-Antarctic islands; and (b) explore whether and how functional traits affect alien species dependence on anthropogenic factors in these environments. Location Possession Island, Crozet archipelago (French sub-Antarctic islands). Methods Single-species distribution models were used to explore the effect of high-resolution topoclimatic and human-related variables on the occurrence of six alien plants colonizing French sub-Antarctic islands. Furthermore, plant responses to human-related variables and the effect of those variables in interaction with plant traits were analysed by means of a multi-species distribution model. This allowed identifying functional features mediating the influence of human activities on the occurrence probability of alien plant species. Results We observed two main invasion patterns: (a) species predicted to occur close to the introduction sites, whose occurrence probability appeared to be strongly affected by anthropogenic factors; and (b) species predicted to occur nearly everywhere on Possession Island, except in areas featuring particularly harsh climatic conditions. Differences in the influence of human-related variables on the occurrence of the alien species were mostly related to their life history, plant height and residence time, with perennial and low-statured species introduced earlier appearing less dependent on human-induced dispersal and disturbance. Conclusions We conclude that both topoclimatic and anthropogenic factors affect plant invasion on sub-Antarctic islands. Specifically, species predicted to occur close to their introduction sites appear much more dependent on human presence and activity, potentially due to the lack of key functional traits allowing them to spread successfully across Possession Island under the harsh sub-Antarctic climate. Yet, particularly severe abiotic conditions are a major constraint which equally limits the occurrence of all alien plants, irrespective of their dependence on anthropogenic factors.  
  Programme 136  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1654-1103 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 8298  
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Author María José Frugone, Theresa L. Cole, María Eugenia López, Gemma Clucas, Pável Matos-Maraví, Nicolás A. Lois, Pierre Pistorius, Francesco Bonadonna, Phil Trathan, Andrea Polanowski, Barbara Wienecke, Andrea Raya-Rey, Klemens Pütz, Antje Steinfurth, Ke Bi, Cynthia Y. Wang-Claypool, Jonathan M. Waters, Rauri C. K. Bowie, Elie Poulin, Juliana A. Vianna doi  openurl
  Title Taxonomy based on limited genomic markers may underestimate species diversity of rockhopper penguins and threaten their conservation Type Journal
  Year 2021 Publication Diversity and Distributions Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 27 Issue 11 Pages 2277-2296  
  Keywords Eudyptes genomics rockhopper penguins species delimitation  
  Abstract (down) Aim Delimiting recently diverged species is challenging. During speciation, genetic differentiation may be distributed unevenly across the genome, as different genomic regions can be subject to different selective pressures and evolutionary histories. Reliance on limited numbers of genetic markers that may be underpowered can make species delimitation even more challenging, potentially resulting in taxonomic inconsistencies. Rockhopper penguins of the genus Eudyptes comprise three broadly recognized taxa: northern (E. moseleyi), southern (E. chrysocome) and eastern rockhopper (E. filholi). Their taxonomic status has been controversial for decades, with researchers disagreeing about whether E. chrysocome and E. filholi are distinct species or conspecific. Our goal is to evaluate genome-wide patterns of divergence to evaluate genetic differentiation and species delimitation in rockhopper penguins, and to assess which mechanisms may underlie previous discordance among nuclear versus mitochondrial analyses. Location Sub-Antarctic and temperate coastal regions of the Southern Hemisphere. Methods We generated reduced-representation genomic libraries using double digest restriction-site associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing to evaluate genetic differentiation, contemporary migration rates and admixture among colonies of rockhopper penguins. Results The extent of genetic differentiation among the three taxa was consistently higher than population-level genetic differentiation found within these and other penguin species. There was no evidence of admixture among the three taxa, suggesting the absence of ongoing gene flow among them. Species delimitation analyses based on molecular data, along with other lines of evidence, provide strong support for the taxonomic distinction of three species of rockhopper penguins. Main conclusions Our results provide strong support for the existence of three distinct species of rockhopper penguins. The recognition of this taxonomic diversity is crucial for the management and conservation of this widely distributed species group. This study illustrates that widespread dispersive seabird lineages lacking obvious morphological differences may nevertheless have complex evolutionary histories and comprise cryptic species diversity.  
  Programme 354  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1472-4642 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 8421  
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