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Title |
Measuring the Marine Soundscape of the Indian Ocean with Southern Elephant Seals Used as Acoustic Gliders of Opportunity |
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2017 |
Publication |
Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology |
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34 |
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1 |
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207-223 |
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Abstract |
The underwater ambient sound field contains quantifiable information about the physical and biological marine environment. The development of operational systems for monitoring in an autonomous way the underwater acoustic signal is necessary for many applications, such as meteorology and biodiversity protection. This paper develops a proof-of-concept study on performing marine soundscape analysis from acoustic passive recordings of free-ranging biologged southern elephant seals (SES). A multivariate multiple linear regression (MMLR) framework is used to predict the measured ambient noise, modeled as a multivariate acoustic response, from SES (depth, speed, and acceleration) and environmental (wind) variables. Results show that the acoustic contributions of SES variables affect mainly low-frequency sound pressure levels (SPLs), while frequency bands above 3 kHz are less corrupted by SES displacement and allow a good measure of the Indian Ocean soundscape. Also, preliminary results toward the development of a mobile embedded weather sensor are presented. In particular, wind speed estimation can be performed from the passive acoustic recordings with an accuracy of 2 m s?1, using a rather simple multiple linear model. |
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109 |
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0739-0572 |
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0739-0572 |
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7152 |
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Title |
Feeding ecology, isotopic niche, and ingestion of fishery-related items of the wandering albatross Diomedea exulans at Kerguelen and Crozet Islands |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Marine Ecology Progress Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
565 |
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Pages |
197-215 |
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Keywords |
Cephalopod Diet Hook Satellite tracking Seabird Southern Ocean Stable isotopes |
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Abstract |
Feeding ecology and isotopic niche of the wandering albatross Diomedea exulans were investigated in the poorly studied population on the Kerguelen Islands and compared to that on the Crozet Islands. Fish (48% by mass) and cephalopods (46%) were similarly important in chick food at Kerguelen, while cephalopods (87%) dominated the diet at Crozet. Fish prey included mainly deep-sea species, with the Patagonian toothfish Dissostichus eleginoides being the main item. Cephalopod beaks were identified, most of which were from adult oceanic squids. Albatrosses preyed upon the same taxa at both localities, but in different proportions. Histioteuthis atlantica (30% by number), Galiteuthis glacialis (13%), and Kondakovia longimana (10%) were the main squid prey at Kerguelen, while K. longimana (35%) and H. eltaninae (23%) dominated at Crozet. Chick feather ?15N values were higher in wandering albatrosses than in other oceanic seabirds of the 2 communities, indicating that the wandering albatross is an apex consumer together with the sperm whale and sleeper shark that have similar ?15N values. Satellite-tracked wandering albatrosses foraged in local subantarctic waters and farther north, with some Crozet birds overlapping with those from the Kerguelen population in western Kerguelen waters. Anthropogenic items (e.g. plastic fragments, hooks) were found in half the food samples. All fishery-related items were from the local toothfish fishery. The high number of hooks from Crozet indicated the presence of a fairly large number of illegal longliners in the area during the Austral winter 1998. A review of the feeding habits of Diomedea spp. highlights the need for more dietary investigations to achieve effective conservation and management of this endangered group of charismatic seabirds. |
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109 |
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ISSN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
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0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
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7153 |
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Author |
Julien Collet, Samantha C. Patrick, Henri Weimerskirch |
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Title |
Behavioral responses to encounter of fishing boats in wandering albatrosses |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
3335-3347 |
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Keywords |
competition fisheries foraging decisions movement ecology seabirds vessel monitoring system |
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Abstract |
Animals are attracted to human food subsidies worldwide. The behavioral response of individuals to these resources is rarely described in detail, beyond chances of encounters. Seabirds for instance scavenge in large numbers at fishing boats, triggering crucial conservation issues, but how the response to boats varies across encounters is poorly known. Here we examine the behavioral response of wandering albatrosses (Diomedea exulans), equipped with GPS tags, to longline fishing boats operating near their colony for which we had access to vessel monitoring system data. We distinguish between encounters (flying within 30 km of a boat) and attendance behavior (sitting on the sea within 3 km of a boat), and examine factors affecting each. In particular, we test hypotheses that the response to encountered boats should vary with sex and age in this long-lived dimorphic species. Among the 60% trips that encountered boats at least once, 80% of them contained attendance (but attendance followed only 60% of each single encounter). Birds were more attracted and remained attending longer when boats were hauling lines, despite the measures enforced by this fleet to limit food availability during operations. Sex and age of birds had low influence on the response to boats, except the year when fewer boats came fishing in the area, and younger birds were attending further from boats compared to older birds. Net mass gain of birds was similar across sex and not affected by time spent attending boats. Our results indicate albatrosses extensively attend this fishery, with no clear advantages, questioning impacts on foraging time budgets. Factors responsible for sex foraging segregation at larger scale seem not to operate at this fleet near the colony and are not consistent with predictions of optimal foraging theory on potential individual dominance asymmetries. This approach complements studies of large-scale overlap of animals with human subsidies. |
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109 |
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2045-7758 |
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2045-7758 |
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yes |
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Serial |
7154 |
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Author |
Julien Collet, Samantha C. Patrick, Henri Weimerskirch |
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Title |
A comparative analysis of the behavioral response to fishing boats in two albatross species |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Behavioral Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
28 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
1337-1347 |
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Abstract |
Lay Summary. Smaller and less generalist Black-Browed albatrosses were more strongly attracted to encountered fishing boats than dominant Wandering albatrosses |
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109 |
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ISSN |
1045-2249 |
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1045-2249 |
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yes |
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7155 |
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Title |
Fathers matter: male body mass affects life-history traits in a size-dimorphic seabird |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
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Volume |
284 |
Issue |
1854 |
Pages |
20170397 |
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109 |
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0962-8452 |
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yes |
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7156 |
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Author |
Louise Day, Joffrey Jouma'a, Julien Bonnel, Christophe Guinet |
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Title |
Acoustic measurements of post-dive cardiac responses in southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) during surfacing at sea |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Journal of Experimental Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
220 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
1626-1633 |
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109 |
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ISSN |
0022-0949, 1477-9145 |
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0022-0949, 1477-9145 |
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yes |
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7157 |
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Author |
Sophie de Grissac, Frederic Bartumeus, Sam L. Cox, Henri Weimerskirch |
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Title |
Early-life foraging: Behavioral responses of newly fledged albatrosses to environmental conditions |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue |
17 |
Pages |
6766-6778 |
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Keywords |
Diomedea exulans ecology juveniles learning seabirds tracking |
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Abstract |
In order to survive and later recruit into a population, juvenile animals need to acquire resources through the use of innate and/or learnt behaviors in an environment new to them. For far-ranging marine species, such as the wandering albatross Diomedea exulans, this is particularly challenging as individuals need to be able to rapidly adapt and optimize their movement strategies in response to the highly dynamic and heterogeneous nature of their open-ocean pelagic habitats. Critical to this is the development and flexibility of dispersal and exploratory behaviors. Here, we examine the movements of eight juvenile wandering albatrosses, tracked using GPS/Argos satellite transmitters for eight months following fledging, and compare these to the trajectories of 17 adults to assess differences and similarities in behavioral strategies through time. Behavioral clustering algorithms (Expectation Maximization binary Clustering) were combined with multinomial regression analyses to investigate changes in behavioral mode probabilities over time, and how these may be influenced by variations in day duration and in biophysical oceanographic conditions. We found that juveniles appeared to quickly acquire the same large-scale behavioral strategies as those employed by adults, although generally more time was spent resting at night. Moreover, individuals were able to detect and exploit specific oceanographic features in a manner similar to that observed in adults. Together, the results of this study suggest that while shortly after fledging juvenile wandering albatrosses are able to employ similar foraging strategies to those observed in adults, additional skills need to be acquired during the immature period before the efficiency of these behaviors matches that of adults. |
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109 |
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2045-7758 |
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2045-7758 |
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yes |
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7158 |
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Title |
Contrasting effects of climate and population density over time and life stages in a long-lived seabird |
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2017 |
Publication |
Functional Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
31 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1275-1284 |
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Keywords |
Diomedea exulans early-life vital rate juvenile survival long-term effect recruitment age |
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109 |
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ISSN |
1365-2435 |
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1365-2435 |
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yes |
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7159 |
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Author |
Olivier Gimenez, Christophe Barbraud |
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2017 |
Publication |
Population Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
59 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
287-291 |
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109 |
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ISSN |
1438-390X |
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1438-390X |
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yes |
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7160 |
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Author |
Tiphaine Jeanniard-du-Dot, Andrew W. Trites, John P. Y. Arnould, Christophe Guinet |
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Title |
Reproductive success is energetically linked to foraging efficiency in Antarctic fur seals |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
PLOS ONE |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
e0174001 |
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Keywords |
Accelerometers Antarctica Bioenergetics Foraging Predation Reproductive success Seals Trophic interactions |
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Abstract |
The efficiency with which individuals extract energy from their environment defines their survival and reproductive success, and thus their selective contribution to the population. Individuals that forage more efficiently (i.e., when energy gained exceeds energy expended) are likely to be more successful at raising viable offspring than individuals that forage less efficiently. Our goal was to test this prediction in large long-lived mammals under free-ranging conditions. To do so, we equipped 20 lactating Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) breeding on Kerguelen Island in the Southern Ocean with tags that recorded GPS locations, depth and tri-axial acceleration to determine at-sea behaviours and detailed time-activity budgets during their foraging trips. We also simultaneously measured energy spent at sea using the doubly-labeled water (DLW) method, and estimated the energy acquired while foraging from 1) type and energy content of prey species present in scat remains, and 2) numbers of prey capture attempts determined from head acceleration. Finally, we followed the growth of 36 pups from birth until weaning (of which 20 were the offspring of our 20 tracked mothers), and used the relative differences in body mass of pups at weaning as an index of first year survival and thus the reproductive success of their mothers. Our results show that females with greater foraging efficiencies produced relatively bigger pups at weaning. These mothers achieved greater foraging efficiency by extracting more energy per minute of diving rather than by reducing energy expenditure. This strategy also resulted in the females spending less time diving and less time overall at sea, which allowed them to deliver higher quality milk to their pups, or allowed their pups to suckle more frequently, or both. The linkage we demonstrate between reproductive success and the quality of individuals as foragers provides an individual-based quantitative framework to investigate how changes in the availability and accessibility of prey can affect fitness of animals. |
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1932-6203 |
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1932-6203 |
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yes |
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7161 |
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