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Shivaji S. Reddy G.S.N., Raghavan P.U.M., Sarita N.B. & Delille D. |
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Title |
Psychrobacter salsus sp. nov. and Psychrobacter adeliae sp. nov. isolated from fast ice from Adelie Land, Antarctica. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Systematic and applied microbiology |
Abbreviated Journal  |
Syst. Appl. Microbiol. |
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27 |
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628-635 |
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193 |
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0723-2020 |
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yes |
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3865 |
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Author |
Aghajari N., Feller G., Gerday C. & Haser R. |
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Title |
Structures of the psychrophilic Alteromonas halop Ch. lanctis alpha-amylase give insights into cold adaptation at molecular level. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1998 |
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Structure |
Abbreviated Journal |
Structure |
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Volume |
6 |
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1503-1516 |
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193 |
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ISSN |
0969-2126 |
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yes |
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1629 |
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Author |
Roquet, F.; Park, Y.-H.; Guinet, C.; Bailleul, Frdric; Charrassin, Jean-Benot |
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Title |
Observations of the Fawn Trough Current over the Kerguelen Plateau from instrumented elephant seals |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Journal of Marine Systems |
Abbreviated Journal |
Special Issue on Observational Studies of Oceanic Fronts |
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Volume |
78 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
377-393 |
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Keywords |
Fawn Trough Current; Kerguelen Plateau [46-62S, 65-85E ]; Ocean circulation; Oceanic fronts; Southern Ocean; Bio-logging; Elephant seals |
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Abstract |
Due to its great meridional extent and relatively shallow depths, the Kerguelen Plateau constitutes a major barrier to the eastward flowing Antarctic Circumpolar Current in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. While most of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current transport is deflected north of the Kerguelen Islands, the remainder (~50Sv, 1Sv=106m3 s-1) must pass south of the islands, most probably through the Fawn and Princess Elizabeth Troughs. However, the paucity of finely resolved quasi-synoptic hydrographic data in this remote and infrequently sampled area has limited the progress in our knowledge of the regional circulation. Since 2004, a new approach using elephant seals from the Kerguelen Islands as autonomous oceanographic profilers has provided new information on the hydrography over the Kerguelen Plateau, covering the entire Antarctic Zone between the Polar Front and Antarctica, with a mean along-track resolution of about 25km. These finely resolved bio-logged data revealed details of a strong northeastward current found across the Fawn Trough (sill depth: 2600m; 56S, 78E). This so-called Fawn Trough Current transports cold Antarctic waters found mostly south of the Elan Bank, between the Ice Limit (58S) and the Antarctic Divergence (64S) in the eastern Enderby Basin, toward the Australian-Antarctic Basin. Our analysis also demonstrates that the Deep Western Boundary Current, which carries cold Antarctic water along the eastern flank of the southern Kerguelen Plateau collides with Fawn Trough Current at the outlet of the Fawn Trough sill. In other words, the Fawn Trough constitutes a veritable bottleneck, channelling the quasi-totality of the Antarctic Circumpolar flow found south of the Polar Front. Thanks to the unprecedented fine resolution of seal-borne data, a branch of flow centered at the Winter Water isotherm of 1C is also revealed along the northern escarpment of the Elan Bank, and then along the southern edge of Heard Island. Further analysis of different supplementary data reveals a complex circulation pattern in the entire Enderby Basin, with several distinctive branches of flow being strongly controlled by prominent topographic features such as the Southwest Indian Ridge, Conrad Rise, Elan Bank, and Kerguelen Plateau. This newly emerged frontal structure refines considerably previous large-scale circulation schematics of the area. |
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109 |
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ISSN |
0924-7963 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
IPEV @ Thierry.Lemaire @ |
Serial |
6059 |
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Author |
Bost, C.A.; Cott, C.; Bailleul, F.; Cherel, Y.; Charrassin, J.B.; Guinet, C.; Ainley, D.G.; Weimerskirch, H. |
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Title |
The importance of oceanographic fronts to marine birds and mammals of the southern oceans |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Journal of Marine Systems |
Abbreviated Journal |
Special Issue on Observational Studies of Oceanic Fronts |
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78 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
363-376 |
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Keywords |
Seabird; Sea mammals; Fronts; Foraging strategies; Bio-logging |
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Abstract |
During the last 30years, at-sea studies of seabirds and marine mammals in the oceans south of the Subtropical Front have described an association with major frontal areas. More recently, the advancement in microtechnology has allowed the tracking of individuals and investigations into how these marine predators actually use the frontal zones. In this review, we examine 1) the relative importance to apex predators of the different frontal zones in terms of spatial distribution and carbon flux; 2) the processes that determine their preferential use; and 3) how the mesoscale dynamics of frontal structures drive at-sea foraging strategies of these predators. We review published results from southern waters and place them in a broader context with respect to what has been learned about the importance of fronts in oceans farther north.
Some fronts constitute important boundaries for seabird communities in southern waters. At a mesoscale the maximum values of seabird diversity and abundance correspond to the location of the main fronts. At-sea surveys show a strong curvilinear correlation between seabird abundance and sea surface temperatures. High mean species richness and diversity for whales and seabirds are consistently associated with the southern water mass boundary of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, the Subtropical Front and the Subantarctic Front; in the case of the Polar Front mean seabird densities are more variable. At small-scales, variation in seabird occurrence has been directly related to the processes at fronts in a limited number of cases. A significant positive relation was found between some plankton feeding species and frontal temperature gradient-phytoplankton variables.
Telemetric studies have revealed that several apex predators (penguins, albatrosses, seals) perform long, directed foraging trips either to the Subtropical front or Polar Front, depending on locality. Seabirds with low flight costs, such as albatrosses, are able to reach fronts at long distances from colonies, showing variable foraging strategies as a function of the distances involved. Diving birds such as King penguins, that travel at a higher cost and lower speed, rely on the predictable spatial distribution of mesopelagic fish found close to the Polar Front. They may use the currents associated with eddies as oceanographic cues in the active search for frontal zones. Once in these areas they dive preferentially in and below the depth of the thermocline where catches per unit effort are high. Elephant seals concentrate foraging activity principally inside or at the boundary of cyclonic eddies. These mesoscale features appear to offer exceptional productivity favourable for foraging by various diving top predators.
The connection between biophysical parameters at fronts and predators is likely to be made through biological enhancement. Top predators appear to forage at locations where prey are advected by physical processes and others where prey are produced locally. Long-term research on at-sea distributions and demographic parameters of top predators are essential to assess the consequences of potential shift in front distributions in relation to global warming. Such environmental changes would add to the impact of fish extraction by the industrial fisheries on the southern food webs. |
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Programme |
109; 394 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
0924-7963 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
IPEV @ Thierry.Lemaire @ |
Serial |
6049 |
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Author |
Frenot Y. |
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Title |
Introduced populations of Dendrodrilus Rubidus SSP.(oligochaeta:Lumbricidae)at crozet, Kerguelen and Amsterdam Islands:Effects of temperature on growth patterns during the juvenile stages. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1992 |
Publication |
Soil biology & biochemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Soil Biol. Biochem. |
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Volume |
24 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1433-1439 |
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136 |
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ISSN |
0038-0717 |
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yes |
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1943 |
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Author |
Ihmle P.F., Harabaglia P. & Jordan T.H. |
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Title |
Teleseismic Detection of a Slow Precursor to the Great 1989 Macquarie Ridge Earthquake. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
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Volume |
261 |
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177-183 |
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133 |
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ISSN |
0036-8075 |
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yes |
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Serial |
287 |
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Author |
Bernatowitcz T.J., Nichols R.H., Hohenberg C.M. & Maurette M. |
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Title |
Vapor deposits in the lunar regolith. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
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Volume |
264 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1779 |
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226 |
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0036-8075 |
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yes |
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Serial |
342 |
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Jouzel J., Petit J.R., Souchez R., Barkov N.I., Lipenkov V.Y.A., Raynaud D., Stievenard M., Vassiliev N.I., Verbeke V. & Vimeux F. |
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Title |
More than 200 Meters of lake ice above subglacial lake Vostok, Antarctica. |
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Journal Article |
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1999 |
Publication |
Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
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286 |
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2138-2141 |
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355 |
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0036-8075 |
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yes |
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Serial |
633 |
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Author |
Charles C., Rind D., Jouzel J., Koster R. & Fairbanks R. |
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Title |
Seasonal precipitation timing and ice core records. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
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Volume |
269 |
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247-248 |
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322 |
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0036-8075 |
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yes |
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Serial |
1231 |
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Author |
Provost C., Bennett A.F. & Cartwright de L.E. |
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Title |
Ocean Tides for and from TOPEX/POSEIDON. |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
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Volume |
267 |
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Pages |
639-642 |
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688 |
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0036-8075 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1259 |
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