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Author |
Hubert Guillaume, Cheminet Adrien, |
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Title |
Radiation Effects Investigations Based on Atmospheric Radiation Model (ATMORAD) Considering GEANT4 Simulations of Extensive Air Showers and Solar Modulation Potential.
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Radiation research |
Abbreviated Journal  |
Radiat. Res. |
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Volume |
184 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
83-94 |
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Keywords |
Atmosphere, Computer Simulation, Cosmic Radiation, Models, Theoretical, Neutrons, Solar Activity, |
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Abstract |
The natural radiative atmospheric environment is composed of secondary cosmic rays produced when primary cosmic rays hit the atmosphere. Understanding atmospheric radiations and their dynamics is essential for evaluating single event effects, so that radiation risks in aviation and the space environment (space weather) can be assessed. In this article, we present an atmospheric radiation model, named ATMORAD (Atmospheric Radiation), which is based on GEANT4 simulations of extensive air showers according to primary spectra that depend only on the solar modulation potential (force-field approximation). Based on neutron spectrometry, solar modulation potential can be deduced using neutron spectrometer measurements and ATMORAD. Some comparisons between our methodology and standard approaches or measurements are also discussed. This work demonstrates the potential for using simulations of extensive air showers and neutron spectroscopy to monitor solar activity.
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1112 |
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The Radiation Research Society |
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0033-7587 |
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yes |
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6201 |
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Author |
Raynaud D., Barnola J.M., Chappellaz J., Zardini D., Jouzel J. & Lorius C. |
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Title |
Glacial-interglacial evolution of greenhouse gases as inferred from ice core analysis:a review of recent results. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1992 |
Publication |
Quaternary science reviews |
Abbreviated Journal |
Quat Sci Rev |
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Volume |
11 |
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381-386 |
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159 |
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0277-3791 |
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yes |
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7 |
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Author |
Raynaud D., Barnola J.M., Chappellaz J., Blunier T., Indermühle A. & Stauffer B. |
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Title |
The ice record of greenhouse gases: a view in the context of future changes. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Quaternary science reviews |
Abbreviated Journal |
Quat Sci Rev |
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Volume |
19 |
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159 |
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0277-3791 |
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yes |
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423 |
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Author |
Huybrechts P. |
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Title |
Sea-level changes at the LGM from ice-dynamic reconstructions of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets during the glacial cycles. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Quaternary science reviews |
Abbreviated Journal |
Quat Sci Rev |
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21 |
Issue |
13 |
Pages |
203-231 |
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960 |
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0277-3791 |
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yes |
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Serial |
2214 |
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Author |
Jouzel J., Hoffmann G., Koster R.D. & Masson V. |
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Title |
Water isotopes in precipitation:data/model comparison for present-day and past climates. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Quaternary science reviews |
Abbreviated Journal |
Quat Sci Rev |
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19 |
Issue |
1-5 |
Pages |
363-379 |
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909 |
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0277-3791 |
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yes |
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2319 |
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Author |
Landais A., Barnola J.M., Awamura K., Caillon N., Delmotte M., Van Ommen T., Dreyfus G., Jouzel J., Masson-Delmotte V., Minster B., Freitag J., Leuenberger M., Schwander J., Huber C., Etheridge D. & Morgan V. |
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Title |
Firn-air d15N in modern polar sites and glacial-interglacial ice: a model-data mismatch during glacial periods in Antarctica? |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Quaternary science reviews |
Abbreviated Journal |
Quat Sci Rev |
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Volume |
25 |
Issue |
1-2 |
Pages |
49-62 |
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Abstract |
The phase lag between atmospheric composition (air bubbles) and temperature (water isotopes) can be quantified from ice cores provided that the age difference between entrapped air and the surrounding air can be correctly estimated. This difference depends on the lock-in depth (LID), when air no longer mixes with the atmosphere. The LID can be estimated from firnification models or from the air isotopic composition (?15N and ?40Ar). Both methods give consistent results for Greenland and one coastal site in Antarctica (Byrd). New firn measurements in Greenland (NorthGRIP) and Antarctica (Berkner Island, BAS depot, Dome C) confirm that firnification models correctly reproduce the present LID over a large range of surface conditions. However, a systematic mismatch is observed for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in East Antarctic sites (Vostok, Dome C, Dome F) questioning the model's validity. Here we use new ?15N measurements from two coastal Antarctic sites (Kohnen Station and Law Dome) providing depth estimates again distinct from firnification model calculations. We show that this discrepancy can be resolved by revising the estimate of past accumulation rates. ?15N measurements can therefore help to constrain past accumulation rate and improve ice core dating. |
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960 |
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0277-3791 |
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yes |
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3002 |
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Author |
Jouzel J., M. Stiévenard, S.J. Johnsen, A. Landais, V. Masson-Delmotte, A. Sveinbjornsdottir, F. Vimeux, U. von Grafenstein and J.W.C. White |
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Title |
The GRIP deuterium-excess record |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Quaternary science reviews |
Abbreviated Journal |
Quat Sci Rev |
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Volume |
26 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1-17 |
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458 |
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0277-3791 |
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4547 |
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Author |
Goni MFS, Landais A, Fletcher WJ, Naughton F, Desprat S, Duprat J |
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Title |
Contrasting impacts of Dansgaard-Oeschger events over a western European latitudinal transect modulated by orbital parameters |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Quaternary science reviews |
Abbreviated Journal |
Quat Sci Rev |
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Volume |
27 |
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Pages |
1136-1151 |
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458 |
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0277-3791 |
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5309 |
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Toucanne S., S. Zaragosi , J.F. Bourillet , M. Cremer , F. Eynaud, B. Van Vliet-Lanoë , C. Fontanier J.L. Turon , E. Cortijo and P.L. Gibbard |
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Timing of massive 'Fleuve Manche' discharges over the last 350 kyr: insights into the European Ice Sheet oscillations and the European drainage network from MIS 10 to 2 |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS |
Abbreviated Journal |
Quat Sci Rev |
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Volume |
28 |
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1238-1256 |
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Continuous high-resolution mass accumulation rates (MAR) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) measurements
from marine sediment records in the Bay of Biscay (NE Atlantic) have allowed the determination of thetiming and the amplitude of the ‘Fleuve Manche’ (Channel River) discharges during glacial stages MIS 10,MIS 8, MIS 6 and MIS 4–2. These results have yielded detailed insight into the Middle and Late Pleistocene glaciations in Europe and the drainage network of the western and central European rivers over the last 350 kyr. This study provides clear evidence that the ‘Fleuve Manche’ connected the southern North Sea basin with the Bay of Biscay during each glacial period and reveals that ‘Fleuve Manche’ activity during the glaciations MIS 10 and MIS 8 was significantly less than during MIS 6 and MIS 2. We correlate the significant ‘Fleuve Manche’ activity, detected during MIS 6 and MIS 2, with the extensive Saalian (Drenthe Substage) and the Weichselian glaciations, respectively, confirming that the major Elsterian glaciation precedes the glacial MIS 10. In detail, massive ‘Fleuve Manche’ discharges occurred at ca 155 ka (mid-MIS 6) and during Termination I, while no significant discharges are found during Termination II. It is assumed that a substantial retreat of the European ice sheet at ca 155 kyr, followed by the formation of ice-free conditions between the British Isles and Scandinavia until Termination II, allowed meltwater to flow northwards through the North Sea basin during the second part of the MIS 6. We assume that this glacial pattern corresponds to the Warthe Substage glacial maximum, therefore indicating that the data presented here equates to the Drenthe and the Warthe glacial advances at ca 175–160 ka and ca 150–140 ka, respectively. Finally, the correlation of our records with ODP site 980 reveals that massive ‘Fleuve Manche’ discharges, related to partial or complete melting of the European ice masses, were synchronous with strong decreases in both the rate of deep-water formation and the strength of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation. ‘Fleuve Manche’ discharges over the last 350 kyr probably participated, with other meltwater sources, in the collapse of the thermohaline circulation by freshening the northern Atlantic surface water. |
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0277-3791 |
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5999 |
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Author |
Vare,L.L., G Massé, T R Gregory, C W Smart, S T Belt |
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Title |
Sea ice variations in the central Canadian Arctic Archipelago during the Holocene |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS |
Abbreviated Journal |
Quat Sci Rev |
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Volume |
28 |
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Pages |
1354-1366 |
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452 |
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0277-3791 |
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6020 |
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