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Maccario Lorrie, Vogel Timothy, Larose Catherine, . (2014). Potential drivers of microbial community structure and function in Arctic snow
. Frontiers in Microbiology , 5 ( ).
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Marguerie D., Bhiry N., Todisco D., Gendron D., Desrosiers P., Steelandt S., Desbiens C., Lanoë F. (2014). Les changements environnementaux des derniers millénaires au Nunavik (bas-arctique québécois) et leurs impacts sur les sociétés humaines. Projet LOTECHAIN (IPEV) et projets canadiens..
Abstract: 10e Journées Scientifiques du CNFRA, Communiqué du Comité National Français des Recherches Arctiques et Antarctiques, Rennes, 26 mai 2014
Programme: 1080
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Tremblay Sylvain, Bhiry Najat, Lavoie Martin, . (2014). Long-term dynamics of a palsa in the sporadic permafrost zone of northwestern Quebec (Canada)
. Can. J. Earth Sci., 51(5), 500–509.
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Fillion Marie-Ève, Bhiry Najat, Touazi Mustapha, . (2014). Differential Development of Two Palsa Fields in a Peatland Located Near Whapmagoostui-Kuujjuarapik, Northern Québec, Canada
. Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res., 46(1), 40–54.
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Desbiens Caroline, Rivard Étienne, . (2013). From passive to active dialogue? Aboriginal lands, development and métissage in Québec, Canada
. Cultural Geographies , 21(1), 99–114.
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Cayer Donald, Bhiry Najat, . (2014). Holocene Climate and Environmental Changes in Western Subarctic Québec as Inferred from the Sedimentology and the Geomorphology of a Lake Watershed
. Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res., 46(1), 55–65.
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Gilg, O. (2014). Oiseaux (in “Groenland à découvert”, CNRS éd.).
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Barraquand Frédéric, Høye Toke T, Henden John-André, Yoccoz Nigel G, Gilg Olivier, Schmidt Niels M, Sittler Benoît, Ims Rolf A, . (2014). Demographic responses of a site-faithful and territorial predator to its fluctuating prey: long-tailed skuas and arctic lemmings
. Journal of Animal Ecology, 83(2), 375–387.
Abstract: 1. Environmental variability, through interannual variation in food availability or climatic variables, is usually detrimental to population growth. It can even select for constancy in key life-history traits, though some exceptions are known. Changes in the level of environmental variability are therefore important to predict population growth or life-history evolution. Recently, several cyclic vole and lemming populations have shown large dynamical changes that might affect the demography or life-histories of rodent predators.
2. Skuas constitute an important case study among rodent predators, because of their strongly saturating breeding productivity (they lay only two eggs) and high degree of site fidelity, in which they differ from nomadic predators raising large broods in good rodent years. This suggests that they cannot capitalize on lemming peaks to the same extent as nomadic predators and might be more vulnerable to collapses of rodent cycles.
3. We develop a model for the population dynamics of long-tailed skuas feeding on lemmings to assess the demographic consequences of such variable and non-stationary prey dynamics, based on data collected in NE Greenland. The model shows that populations of long-tailed skua sustain well changes in lemming dynamics, including temporary collapses (e.g. 10 years). A high floater-to-breeder ratio emerges from rigid territorial behaviour and a long-life expectancy, which buffers the impact of adult abundance’s decrease on the population reproductive output.
4. The size of the floater compartment is affected by changes in both mean and coefficient of variation of lemming densities (but not cycle amplitude and periodicity per se). In Greenland, the average lemming density is below the threshold density required for successful breeding (including during normally cyclic periods). Due to Jensen’s inequality, skuas therefore benefit from lemming variability; a positive effect of environmental variation.
5. Long-tailed skua populations are strongly adapted to fluctuating lemming populations, an instance of demographic lability in the reproduction rate. They are also little affected by poor lemming periods, if there are enough floaters, or juveniles disperse to neighbouring populations. The status of Greenland skua populations therefore strongly depends upon floater numbers and juvenile movements, which are not known. This reveals a need to intensify colour-ringing efforts on the long-tailed skua at a circumpolar scale.
Keywords: demographic buffering, environmental variance, floaters, population cycles, territoriality,
Programme: 1036
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Schmidt, N. M., O. Gilg, J. Aars, and R. A. Ims. (2014). Fat, furry and flexible – characteristics of mammals living in the Arctic (in “Arctic Ecology” edited by David N. Thomas, Wiley-Blackwell Ed.).
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Wynn, R. B., D. Brown, G. Thomas, C. A. Holt, S. A. Hanssen, B. Moe, and O. Gilg. (2014). Spring migration routes of Long-tailed Skuas around and across the UK – results of observational and tracking data. Br. Birds, 107, 220–228.
Abstract: In 2013 a record spring passage of Long-tailed Skuas Stercorarius
longicaudus was observed in Scotland, including an unprecedented overland
movement. Tracking data for the species has also hinted at overland migration in
Scotland. Here, the tracking data are reviewed and the spring passage status of
Long-tailed Skuas in the UK assessed, with a particular focus on observed overland
movements, and first-hand accounts of major movements in spring 2013
Programme: 1036
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