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| Author | Leduc-Leballeur Marion, Picard Ghislain, Mialon Arnaud, Arnaud Laurent, Lefebvre Eric, Possenti Philippe, Kerr Yann, | ||||
| Title | Modeling L-Band Brightness Temperature at Dome C in Antarctica and Comparison With SMOS Observations | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 53 | Issue | 7 | Pages | 4022-4032 |
| Keywords | Antarctica, Brightness temperature, Dome C, Ice, L-band, L-band brightness temperature, L-band characteristics, Microwave, SMOS observations, Scattering, Snow, Temperature measurement, brightness suggest snowpack, emission e-folding depth, hydrological techniques, incidence angles, ocean waves, radiative transfer, radiative transfer (RT) theory, radiative transfer theory, remote sensing, seasonal variations, snow, snow emission stability, snow properties, snowpack variability density, soil, soil moisture ocean salinity satellite observation, wave approach, wave theory, | ||||
| Abstract | Two electromagnetic models were used to simulate snow emission at L-band from in situ measurements of snow properties collected at Dome C in Antarctica. Two different approaches were used: one based on the radiative transfer theory and the other on the wave approach. The soil moisture ocean salinity (SMOS) satellite observations performed at 1.4 GHz (21 cm) were used to check the validity of these models. Model results based on the wave approach were in good agreement with SMOS observations, particularly for incidence angles lower than 55°. Comparisons suggest that the wave approach is more suitable to simulate brightness temperature at L-band than the transfer radiative theory, because interference between the layers of the snowpack is better taken into account. The model based on the wave approach was then used to investigate several L-band characteristics at Dome C. The emission e-folding depth, i.e., 67% of the signal, was estimated at 250 m, and 99% of the signal emanated from the top 900 m. L-band brightness temperature is only slightly affected by seasonal variations in surface temperature, confirming the high temporal stability of snow emission at low frequency. Sensitivity tests showed that good knowledge of density variability in the snowpack is essential for accurate simulations in L-band. | ||||
| Programme | 1073,1110 | ||||
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | Bachelor's thesis | |||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0196-2892 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 6127 | |||
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| Author | Soubeyran Yohann, Meyer Jean-Yves, Lebouvier Marc, De Thoisy Benoit, Lavergne Christophe, Urtizberea Frank, Kirchner Florian, | ||||
| Title | Dealing with invasive alien species in the French overseas territories: results and benefits of a 7-year Initiative | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Biological Invasions | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 17 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 545-554 |
| Keywords | |||||
| Abstract | Invasive alien species (IAS) are one of the most serious threats to the rich and unique biodiversity of the 13 French overseas territories (FOTs) scattered across three oceans and two continents. To address this critical issue, a dedicated Initiative has been conducted since 2005, with the support of a large panel of national and local experts and stakeholders. This paper summarizes the main results and benefits of this project after 7 years. As a first phase, an unprecedented overview of IAS and their impacts in all the FOTs was achieved. A total of 630 alien taxa were recorded, among which 258 plants, 52 terrestrial vertebrates and 32 invertebrates were identified as a threat, or a potential threat, to native species and/or natural habitats. Gaps in the knowledge about invasive species were also highlighted and a comprehensive set of recommendations was developed. Using a range of targeted collaborative actions and promoting the exchange of information and regional cooperation, the Initiative raised awareness of invasive species issues, improved access to information and strengthened local and regional capacities. In this paper, we report on the outcomes of the Initiative and what remains to be done with regards to the prevention of new introductions, early detection, rapid response and public awareness, as well as future challenges. | ||||
| Programme | 136 | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1387-3547 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 6126 | |||
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| Author | Verfaillie Deborah, Favier Vincent, Dumont Marie, Jomelli Vincent, Gilbert Adrien, Brunstein Daniel, Gallée Hubert, Rinterknecht Vincent, Menegoz Martin, Frenot Yves, | ||||
| Title | Recent glacier decline in the Kerguelen Islands (49°S, 69°E) derived from modeling, field observations, and satellite data | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface | Abbreviated Journal | J. Geophys. Res. |
| Volume | 120 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 637-654 |
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| Abstract | The retreat of glaciers in the Kerguelen Islands (49�S, 69�E) and their associated climatic causes
have been analyzed using field data and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite images to validate a positive degree-day (PDD) model forced by data from local meteorological stations. Mass balance measurements made during recent field campaigns on the largest glacier of the Cook Ice Cap were compared to data from the early 1970s, providing a 40 year view of the differences in the spatial distribution of surface mass balance (SMB). To obtain additional regional data for the validation of our models, we analyzed MODIS images (2000–2012) to determine if our model was capable of reproducing variations in the transient snow line. The PDD model correctly simulated the variations in the snow line, the spatial variations in the SMB, and its trend with elevation. Yet current SMB values diverge from their classic linear representation with elevation, and stake data at high altitudes now display more negative SMB values than expected. By analyzing MODIS albedo, we observed that these values are caused by the disappearance of snow and associated feedback on melt rates. In addition, certain parts of Ampere Glacier could not be reproduced by the surface energy balance model because of overaccumulation due to wind deposition. Finally, the MODIS data, field data, and our models suggest that the acceleration of glacier wastage in Kerguelen is due to reduced net accumulation and an associated rise in the snow line since the 1970s. |
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| Programme | 136,1048 | ||||
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | Bachelor's thesis | |||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0148-0227 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 6125 | |||
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| Author | Cristofari Robin, Trucchi Emiliano, Whittington Jason D, Vigetta Stéphanie, Gachot-Neveu Hélène, Stenseth Nils Christian, Le Maho Yvon, Le Bohec Céline, | ||||
| Title | Spatial Heterogeneity as a Genetic Mixing Mechanism in Highly Philopatric Colonial Seabirds | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | PLOS ONE | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 10 | Issue | 2 | Pages | e0117981-e0117981 |
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| Abstract | How genetic diversity is maintained in philopatric colonial systems remains unclear, and understanding the dynamic balance of philopatry and dispersal at all spatial scales is essential to the study of the evolution of coloniality. In the King penguin, Aptenodytes patagonicus, return rates of post-fledging chicks to their natal sub-colony are remarkably high. Empirical studies have shown that adults return year after year to their previous breeding territories within a radius of a few meters. Yet, little reliable data are available on intra- and inter-colonial dispersal in this species. Here, we present the first fine-scale study of the genetic structure in a king penguin colony in the Crozet Archipelago. Samples were collected from individual chicks and analysed at 8 microsatellite loci. Precise geolocation data of hatching sites and selective pressures associated with habitat features were recorded for all sampling locations. We found that despite strong natal and breeding site fidelity, king penguins retain a high degree of panmixia and genetic diversity. Yet, genetic structure appears markedly heterogeneous across the colony, with higher-than-expected inbreeding levels, and local inbreeding and relatedness hotspots that overlap predicted higher-quality nesting locations. This points towards heterogeneous population structure at the sub-colony level, in which fine-scale environmental features drive local philopatric behaviour, while lower-quality patches may act as genetic mixing mechanisms at the colony level. These findings show how a lack of global genetic structuring can emerge from small-scale heterogeneity in ecological parameters, as opposed to the classical model of homogeneous dispersal. Our results also emphasize the importance of sampling design for estimation of population parameters in colonial seabirds, as at high spatial resolution, basic genetic features are shown to be location-dependent. Finally, this study stresses the importance of understanding intra-colonial dispersal and genetic mixing mechanisms in order to better estimate species-wide gene flows and population dynamics.
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| Programme | 137 | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1932-6203 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 6124 | |||
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| Author | Prinet I. | ||||
| Title | Étude comportementale du déplacement des éléphants de mer austraux (Mirounga leonina) pendant leur mue. Master Évolution Patrimoine Naturel et Sociétés. M1 Écologie, Biodiversité, Évolution, Muséum National d'Histoire naturelle. | Type | Master | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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| Programme | 1037 | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 6123 | |||
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| Author | A. Marchaudon et P.-L. Blelly | ||||
| Title | Modelling the E-region ionosphere following an X-class solar flare | Type | Conference - National - Communication | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
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| Abstract | Conférence Nationale de l'URSI | ||||
| Programme | 312 | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 6122 | |||
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| Author | Maxime Grandin, Aurelie Marchaudon, Anita Aikio, Pierre-Louis Blelly, Alexander Kozlovsky, Frederic Pitout, Thomas Ulich, Mark Lester, Ethan Miller, and Tim Yeoman | ||||
| Title | Effects of the 20 March 2015 total solar eclipse on the ionosphere-thermosphere system | Type | Conference - International - Poster | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
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| Abstract | SuperDARN International Workshop 2015 | ||||
| Programme | 312 | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 6121 | |||
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| Author | A. Marchaudon, F. Pitout, K.-H. Trattner, M. O. Chandler | ||||
| Title | Cluster, Polar and SuperDARN simultaneous observations of cusp signatures in the northern and southern hemispheres | Type | Conference - International - Poster | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
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| Abstract | SuperDARN International Workshop 2015 | ||||
| Programme | 312 | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 6120 | |||
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| Author | Maxime Grandin, Aurelie Marchaudon, Anita Aikio, Pierre-Louis Blelly, Alexander Kozlovsky, Frederic Pitout, Thomas Ulich, Mark Lester, Ethan Miller, and Tim Yeoman | ||||
| Title | Effects of the 20 March 2015 total solar eclipse on the ionosphere-thermosphere system | Type | Conference - International - Poster | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
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| Abstract | EGU international Conference 2015 | ||||
| Programme | 312 | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 6119 | |||
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| Author | Pitout F, Marchaudon A, Blelly P-L, Bai X, Forme F, Buchert S C, Lorentzen D A, | ||||
| Title | Swarm and ESR observations of the ionospheric response to a field-aligned current system in the high-latitude midnight sector | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | Geophysical Research Letters | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 42 | Issue | 11 | Pages | 4270-4279 |
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| Abstract | We present a conjunction between the Swarm fleet and the European Incoherent Scatter Svalbard Radar (ESR) on 9 January 2014. The Swarm orbit in the early phase of the mission gives us the unique opportunity of sequencing the temporal evolution of the observed field-aligned current system in the nightside, near magnetic local midnight. These field-aligned currents are seen to move poleward through the radar field of view and to affect the observed ionosphere. The upward field-aligned current (FAC) is responsible, at least in part, for the heating of the ionospheric electrons. It is less clear whether the downward FAC cools the ionosphere. We use the TRANSCAR model of the ionosphere to quantify the thermoelectric effect that comes into play. Finally, we compare the plasma parameters measured by the Langmuir probe on board Swarm and the ESR and conclude on an agreement within the errors. | ||||
| Programme | 312 | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0094-8276 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 6118 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||