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Portugal Steven J, Green Jonathan A, Halsey Lewis G, Arnold Walter, Careau Vincent, Dann Peter, Frappell Peter B, Grémillet David, Handrich Yves, Martin Graham R, Ruf Thomas, Guillemette Magella M, Butler Patrick J, |
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Title |
Associations between Resting, Activity, and Daily Metabolic Rate in Free-Living Endotherms: No Universal Rule in Birds and Mammals |
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2016 |
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Physiological and Biochemical Zoology |
Abbreviated Journal |
1522-2152 |
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89 |
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3 |
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251-261 |
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Energy management models provide theories and predictions for how animals manage their energy budgets within their energetic constraints, in terms of their resting metabolic rate (RMR) and daily energy expenditure (DEE). Thus, uncovering what associations exist between DEE and RMR is key to testing these models. Accordingly, there is considerable interest in the relationship between DEE and RMR at both inter- and intraspecific levels. Interpretation of the evidence for particular energy management models is enhanced by also considering the energy spent specifically on costly activities (activity energy expenditure [AEE] = DEE ? RMR). However, to date there have been few intraspecific studies investigating such patterns. Our aim was to determine whether there is a generality of intraspecific relationships among RMR, DEE, and AEE using long-term data sets for bird and mammal species. For mammals, we use minimum heart rate (fH), mean fH, and activity fH as qualitative proxies for RMR, DEE, and AEE, respectively. For the birds, we take advantage of calibration equations to convert fH into rate of oxygen consumption in order to provide quantitative proxies for RMR, DEE, and AEE. For all 11 species, the DEE proxy was significantly positively correlated with the RMR proxy. There was also evidence of a significant positive correlation between AEE and RMR in all four mammal species but only in some of the bird species. Our results indicate there is no universal rule for birds and mammals governing the relationships among RMR, AEE, and DEE. Furthermore, they suggest that birds tend to have a different strategy for managing their energy budgets from those of mammals and that there are also differences in strategy between bird species. Future work in laboratory settings or highly controlled field settings can tease out the environmental and physiological processes contributing to variation in energy management strategies exhibited by different species. |
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The University of Chicago Press |
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1522-2152 |
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6214 |
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Ghelfi A, Maurin D, Cheminet A, Derome L, Hubert G, Melot F, |
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Title |
Neutron monitors and muon detectors for solar modulation studies: 2. time series |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
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Advances in Space Research |
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Adv Space Res |
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Solar modulation, Cosmic rays, Neutron monitor, Muon detector, |
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The level of solar modulation at different times (related to the solar activity) is a central question of solar and galactic cosmic-ray physics. In the first paper of this series, we have established a correspondence between the uncertainties on ground-based detectors countrates and the parameter / (modulation level in the force-field approximation) reconstructed from these count rates. In this second paper, we detail a procedure to obtain a reference / time series from neutron monitor data. We show that we can have an unbiased and accurate. We also discuss the potential of Bonner spheres spectrometers and muon detectors to provide / time series. Two by-products of this calculation are updated / values for the cosmic-ray database and a web interface to retrieve and plot from the 50’s to today (http://lpsc.in2p3.fr/crdb). |
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1112 |
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0273-1177 |
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6039 |
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Mélanie Qunet |
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Rôle des eaux souterraines dans l’hydrologie d’un bassin versant glaciaire sous condition de pergélisol continu au Spitsberg (Austre Lovénbreen, 79°N)- Approches hydrodynamiques et géochimiques |
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2014 |
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1111 |
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yes |
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5989 |
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Shiomi, K., Sato, K., Handrich,Y., Bost, C.A. |
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Diel shifts of Swim speeds in King penguins.NIPR Symposium, 17-19 Novembre 2015, Tokyo, Japan. |
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Conference - National - Poster |
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2013 |
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394 |
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yes |
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5967 |
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Thomas Merkling |
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On sex-ratio and sibling competition: an insight into reproductive decisions in the black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) |
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2013 |
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Université de Toulouse |
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1162 |
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yes |
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5911 |
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Champollion N, Picard G, Arnaud L, Lefebvre E, Fily M, |
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Title |
Hoar crystal development and disappearance at Dome C, Antarctica: observation by near-infrared photography and passive microwave satellite |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
The Cryosphere |
Abbreviated Journal |
TC |
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7 |
Issue |
4 |
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1247-1262 |
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Hoar crystals episodically cover the snow surface in Antarctica and affect the roughness and reflective properties of the airsnow interface. However, little is known about their evolution and the processes responsible for their development and disappearance despite a probable influence on the surface mass balance and energy budget. To investigate hoar evolution, we use continuous observations of the surface by in situ near-infrared photography and by passive microwave remote sensing at Dome C in Antarctica. From the photography data, we retrieved a daily indicator of the presence/absence of hoar crystals using a texture analysis algorithm. The analysis of this 2 yr long time series shows that Dome C surface is covered almost half of the time by hoar. The development of hoar crystals takes a few days and seems to occur whatever the meteorological conditions. In contrast, the disappearance of hoar is rapid (a few hours) and coincident with either strong winds or with moderate winds associated with a change in wind direction from southwest (the prevailing direction) to southeast. From the microwave satellite data, we computed the polarisation ratio (i.e. horizontal over vertical polarised brightness temperatures), an indicator known to be sensitive to hoar in Greenland. Photography data and microwave polarisation ratio are correlated, i.e. high values of polarisation ratio which theoretically correspond to low snow density values near the surface are associated with the presence of hoar crystals in the photography data. Satellite data over nearly ten years (20022011) confirm that a strong decrease of the polarisation ratio (i.e. signature of hoar disappearance) is associated with an increase of wind speed or a change in wind direction from the prevailing direction. The photography data provides, in addition, evidence of interactions between hoar and snowfall. Further adding the combined influence of wind speed and wind direction results in a complex picture of the snowatmosphere interactions in Antarctica which deserves further quantification and modelling. |
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1110 |
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1994-0424 |
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yes |
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4489 |
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Author |
Gilg, O., J. Moreau, and L. Bollache |
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Title |
Changements climatiques et interactions interspécifiques au sein d’une communauté de vertébrés terrestres arctiques |
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Conference - International - Communication |
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2013 |
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Arctique : les grands enjeux scientifiques, Collège de France (June, 4, 2013), Paris, France |
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1036 |
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4487 |
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Kada, S. |
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Understanding tick dynamics in a community of seabirds. Réunion annuelle du Groupe de travail « Tiques et Maladies à tique », Sète mars 2016. |
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Conference - National - Communication |
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2013 |
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333 |
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4430 |
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Dupraz, M. et al. |
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Structuration des tiques et des pathogènes associés au sein des colonies d’oiseaux de mer. Réunion annuelle du Groupe de travail « Tiques et Maladies à tique », Sète, Mars 2016. |
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Conference - National - Communication |
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2013 |
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333 |
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4220 |
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Magnaval Jean-François, Leparc-Goffart Isabelle, Gibert Morgane, Gurieva Alla, Outreville Jonathan, Dyachkovskaya Praskovia, Fabre Richard, Fedorova Sardana, Nikolaeva Dariya, Dubois Damien, Melnitchuk Olga, Daviaud-Fabre Pascale, Marty Marie, Alekseev Anatoly, Crubezy Eric, |
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A Serological Survey About Zoonoses in the Verkhoyansk Area, Northeastern Siberia (Sakha Republic, Russian Federation).
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2016 |
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Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.) |
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16 |
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2 |
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103-9 |
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Arctic, Seroepidemiology, Verkhoyansk, Yakutia, Zoonoses, |
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In 2012, a seroprevalence survey concerning 10 zoonoses, which were bacterial (Lyme borreliosis and Q fever), parasitic (alveolar echinococcosis [AE] and cystic echinococcosis [CE], cysticercosis, toxoplasmosis, toxocariasis, and trichinellosis), or arboviral (tick-borne encephalitis and West Nile virus infection), was conducted among 77 adult volunteers inhabiting Suordakh and Tomtor Arctic villages in the Verkhoyansk area (Yakutia). Following serological testing by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and/or western blot, no positive result was found for cysticercosis, CE, toxocariasis, trichinellosis, and both arboviral zoonoses. Four subjects (5.2%) had anti-Toxoplasma IgG, without the presence of specific IgM. More importantly, eight subjects (10.4%) tested positive for Lyme borreliosis, two (2.6%) for recently acquired Q fever, and one (1.3%) for AE. Lyme infection and Q fever, whose presence had not been reported so far in Arctic Yakutia, appeared therefore to be a major health threat for people dwelling, sporting, or working in the Arctic area of the Sakha Republic.
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0002-9637 |
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4207 |
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