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Van Vliet-Lanoë B., Schneider J.-L., Guðmundsson A., Guillou H. et Chazot G. (2015). The Rangá Formation : an Eemian interglacial estuarine complex in southern Iceland. 15ème Congrès Français de Sédimentologie, Chambéry, 13-15 October 2015, Abstract book, p. 408.
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Bost, C.A., Barbraud, C., Delord, K., Thiebot, J.B., Scheffer, A., Bon, C., Cherel, Y., Weimerskirch, H., Le Maho, Y., Le Bohec, C., Saraux, C., Hindell, M., Makhado, A., Pistorius,P., Crawford, R. (2015). Comparative foraging and population ecology of penguins at islands of the South Indian Ocean. Second World Seabird Congress, Cap Town, October 26 – 30, 2015..
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Lebouvier M., Ropert-Coudert Y., Marteau C. (2015). Rôles de la ZATA dans le partenariat entre l’Institut Polaire Français Paul Emile Victor et la Réserve Naturelle des Terres Australes Françaises. 3ième Colloque biennal des Zones Ateliers, Paris, France, 14-16/10/2015.
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Jacobi, H.-W., M. Zanatta, S. DaCosta, A. Arndt, P. Ginot, T. Sauter, F. Obleitner, and W. Aas. (2015). Interactions between snow and atmosphere in the Arctic, 12th Ny-Alesund Seminar, Tromsö, Norway, September 2015..
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Marine RENAUDON. (2015). Etude des capacités d’adaptation et de plasticité de deux espèces des îles Kerguelen Ranunculus biternatus et Ranunculus pseudotrullifolius en conditions contrôlées.
Abstract: Master 1 "Ecologie fonctionnelle évolutive et comportementale", University Rennes 1, co-supervision with B. Labarrere,
Programme: 1116
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Sulmon C., van Baaren J., Cabello-Hurtado F., Gouesbet G., Hennion F., Mony C., Renault D., Bormans M., El Amrani A., Wiegand C. & Gérard C. (2015). Abiotic stressors and stress responses: what commonalities appear between species across biological organization levels? 0269-7491, 202: 66-77.
Abstract: Abstract Organisms are regularly subjected to abiotic stressors related to increasing anthropogenic activities, including chemicals and climatic changes that induce major stresses. Based on various key taxa involved in ecosystem functioning (photosynthetic microorganisms, plants, invertebrates), we review how organisms respond and adapt to chemical- and temperature-induced stresses from molecular to population level. Using field-realistic studies, our integrative analysis aims to compare i) how molecular and physiological mechanisms related to protection, repair and energy allocation can impact life history traits of stressed organisms, and ii) to what extent trait responses influence individual and population responses. Common response mechanisms are evident at molecular and cellular scales but become rather difficult to define at higher levels due to evolutionary distance and environmental complexity. We provide new insights into the understanding of the impact of molecular and cellular responses on individual and population dynamics and assess the potential related effects on communities and ecosystem functioning.
Programme: 1116
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Librado P, Der Sarkissian C, Ermini L, Schubert M, Jónsson H, Albrechtsen A, Fumagalli M, Yang MA, Gamba C, Seguin-Orlando A, Mortensen CD, Petersen B, Hoover CA, Lorente-Galdos B, Nedoluzhko A, Boulygina E, Tsygankova S, Neuditschko M, Jagannathan V, Thèves C, Alfarhan AH, Alquraishi SA, Al-Rasheid KA, Sicheritz-Ponten T, Popov R, Grigoriev S, Alekseev AN, Rubin EM, McCue M, Rieder S, Leeb T, Tikhonov A, Crubézy E, Slatkin M, Marques-Bonet T, Nielsen R, Willerslev E, Kantanen J, Prokhortchouk E, Orlando L. (2015). Tracking the origins of Yakutian horses and the genetic basis for their fast adaptation to subarctic environments. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 112(50), 6889–97.
Abstract: Yakutia, Sakha Republic, in the Siberian Far East, represents one of the coldest places on Earth, with winter record temperatures dropping below -70 °C. Nevertheless, Yakutian horses survive all year round in the open air due to striking phenotypic adaptations, including compact body conformations, extremely hairy winter coats, and acute seasonal differences in metabolic activities. The evolutionary origins of Yakutian horses and the genetic basis of their adaptations remain, however, contentious. Here, we present the complete genomes of nine present-day Yakutian horses and two ancient specimens dating from the early 19th century and ∼5,200 y ago. By comparing these genomes with the genomes of two Late Pleistocene, 27 domesticated, and three wild Przewalski's horses, we find that contemporary Yakutian horses do not descend from the native horses that populated the region until the mid-Holocene, but were most likely introduced following the migration of the Yakut people a few centuries ago. Thus, they represent one of the fastest cases of adaptation to the extreme temperatures of the Arctic. We find cis-regulatory mutations to have contributed more than nonsynonymous changes to their adaptation, likely due to the comparatively limited standing variation within gene bodies at the time the population was founded. Genes involved in hair development, body size, and metabolic and hormone signaling pathways represent an essential part of the Yakutian horse adaptive genetic toolkit. Finally, we find evidence for convergent evolution with native human populations and woolly mammoths, suggesting that only a few evolutionary strategies are compatible with survival in extremely cold environments.
Programme: 1038
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Dartois, Emmanuel; Alata, Ivan; Bardin, Noémie; Beroff, Karine; Brunetto, Rosario; Chabot, Marin; Cruz-Diaz, Gustavo A.; Delauche, Lucie; Dumas, Paul; Duprat, Jean; Engrand, Cecile; Gavilan, Lisseth; Jallat, Aurélie; Jamme, Frédéric; Muñoz Caro, Guillermo M.; Pino, Thomas; Quirico, Eric; Rémusat, Laurent; Sandt, Christophe; Mostefaoui, Smail. (2015). Organics in the interstellar/circumstellar medium.
Abstract: IAU General Assembly, Meeting #29, id.2236591The interstellar medium is a physico-chemical laboratory where extreme conditions are encountered and its environmental parameters (e.g. density, reactant nature, radiations, temperature, time scales) define both the structure and the composition of matter.Whereas astrochemists must rely on remote observations to monitor and analyze the physico-chemical composition of interstellar organic solids,planetologists and cosmochemists can infer spectroscopically in the laboratory the actual structure and composition of collected extraterrestrial material.The interstellar/circumstellar observations give essentially access to the molecular functionality of these solids, rarely their elemental composition and the isotopic fractionation can almost only be inferred in the gas phase. Astrochemistery can provide additional information from the study of analogs produced in the laboratory, placed in simulated space environments.In this presentation, I will briefly summarize some observations in the diffuse interstellar medium (DISM) and molecular clouds (MC), setting constraints on both the composition of organic solids and the large molecules belonging to the cycle of matter in the Galaxy and briefly discuss the relations and differences between materials found in the Solar System and the interstellar dust.
Programme: 1120
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Koukouli M E, Lerot C, Granville J, Goutail F, Lambert J-C, Pommereau J-P, Balis D, Zyrichidou I, Van Roozendael M, Coldewey-Egbers M, Loyola D, Labow G, Frith S, Spurr R, Zehner C, . (2015). Evaluating a new homogeneous total ozone climate data record from GOME/ERS-2, SCIAMACHY/Envisat, and GOME-2/MetOp-A. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 120(23), 12,296–12,312.
Abstract: The European Space Agency's Ozone Climate Change Initiative (O3-CCI) project aims at producing and validating a number of high-quality ozone data products generated from different satellite sensors. For total ozone, the O3-CCI approach consists of minimizing sources of bias and systematic uncertainties by applying a common retrieval algorithm to all level 1 data sets, in order to enhance the consistency between the level 2 data sets from individual sensors. Here we present the evaluation of the total ozone products from the European sensors Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME)/ERS-2, SCIAMACHY/Envisat, and GOME-2/MetOp-A produced with the GOME-type Direct FITting (GODFIT) algorithm v3. Measurements from the three sensors span more than 16 years, from 1996 to 2012. In this work, we present the latest O3-CCI total ozone validation results using as reference ground-based measurements from Brewer and Dobson spectrophotometers archived at the World Ozone and UV Data Centre of the World Meteorological Organization as well as from UV-visible differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS)/Système D′Analyse par Observations Zénithales (SAOZ) instruments from the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change. In particular, we investigate possible dependencies in these new GODFIT v3 total ozone data sets with respect to latitude, season, solar zenith angle, and different cloud parameters, using the most adequate type of ground-based instrument. We show that these three O3-CCI total ozone data products behave very similarly and are less sensitive to instrumental degradation, mainly as a result of the new reflectance soft-calibration scheme. The mean bias to the ground-based observations is found to be within the 1 ± 1% level for all three sensors while the near-zero decadal stability of the total ozone columns (TOCs) provided by the three European instruments falls well within the 1–3% requirement of the European Space Agency's Ozone Climate Change Initiative project.
Keywords: total ozone, SCIAMACHY, Brewer, Dobson, GOME-2, validation, 0340 Middle atmosphere: composition and chemistry, 0394 Instruments and techniques, 0480 Remote sensing,
Programme: 209
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Koukouli M E, Lerot C, Granville J, Goutail F, Lambert J-C, Pommereau J-P, Balis D, Zyrichidou I, Van Roozendael M, Coldewey-Egbers M, Loyola D, Labow G, Frith S, Spurr R, Zehner C, . (2015). Evaluating a new homogeneous total ozone climate data record from GOME/ERS-2, SCIAMACHY/Envisat, and GOME-2/MetOp-A. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 120(23), 2015JD023699.
Abstract: The European Space Agency's Ozone Climate Change Initiative (O3-CCI) project aims at producing and validating a number of high-quality ozone data products generated from different satellite sensors. For total ozone, the O3-CCI approach consists of minimizing sources of bias and systematic uncertainties by applying a common retrieval algorithm to all level 1 data sets, in order to enhance the consistency between the level 2 data sets from individual sensors. Here we present the evaluation of the total ozone products from the European sensors Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME)/ERS-2, SCIAMACHY/Envisat, and GOME-2/MetOp-A produced with the GOME-type Direct FITting (GODFIT) algorithm v3. Measurements from the three sensors span more than 16 years, from 1996 to 2012. In this work, we present the latest O3-CCI total ozone validation results using as reference ground-based measurements from Brewer and Dobson spectrophotometers archived at the World Ozone and UV Data Centre of the World Meteorological Organization as well as from UV-visible differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS)/Système D′Analyse par Observations Zénithales (SAOZ) instruments from the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change. In particular, we investigate possible dependencies in these new GODFIT v3 total ozone data sets with respect to latitude, season, solar zenith angle, and different cloud parameters, using the most adequate type of ground-based instrument. We show that these three O3-CCI total ozone data products behave very similarly and are less sensitive to instrumental degradation, mainly as a result of the new reflectance soft-calibration scheme. The mean bias to the ground-based observations is found to be within the 1 ± 1% level for all three sensors while the near-zero decadal stability of the total ozone columns (TOCs) provided by the three European instruments falls well within the 1–3% requirement of the European Space Agency's Ozone Climate Change Initiative project.
Keywords: 0340 Middle atmosphere: composition and chemistry, 0394 Instruments and techniques, 0480 Remote sensing, Brewer, Dobson, GOME-2, SCIAMACHY, total ozone, validation,
Programme: 209
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