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Author González-Wevar C.A., Hüne M., Segovia N.I., Nakano T., Spencer H., Chown S.L., Saucède T.; Johnstone G., Mansilla A. & E. Poulin doi  openurl
  Title Following the Antarctic Circumpolar Current: Patterns and processes in the biogeography of the limpet Nacella (Mollusca: Patellogastropoda) across the Southern Ocean Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY Abbreviated Journal J. Biogeogr.  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Aim We use an integrative biogeographical approach to further understand the evolution of an important Southern Ocean marine benthic element, the limpet genus Nacella (Mollusca: Patellogastropoda). Location Southern Ocean. Methods We used multi-locus time-calibrated phylogeny of Nacella at the scale of the whole Southern Ocean to elucidate the underlying processes involved in the origin and diversification of the genus. Results Divergence-time estimates suggest that soon after its origin during the mid-Miocene (c. 12.5 Ma), Nacella separated into two main lineages currently distributed in (1) South America and (2) Antarctica and the sub-Antarctic islands. We identified two pulses of diversification, during the late Miocene (8 to 5.5 Ma) and the Pleistocene (< 1 Ma). Main conclusions Major periods of climatic and oceanographical change strongly affected the biogeography of Nacella and demonstrate both the long- and short-term influence of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current across the Southern Ocean. Our analyses support the validity of all currently recognized Nacella species and reveal a new South-American lineage. This work constitutes the most detailed molecular-based study of an ecologically important, near-shore invertebrate Southern Ocean group and in so doing contributes to the improved understanding of the underlying patterns and processes in the origin and diversification of marine benthic fauna across this globally important region.  
  Programme 1044  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0305-0270 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 6455  
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Author Solomina, O., Bradley., R.S., Jomelli, V., Geirsdottir, A., Kaufman, D., Koch, J., Masiokas, M., Miller, G., Nesje, A., Nicolussi, K., Owen, L., Wanner, H., Wiles, G., Yang, B. doi  openurl
  Title Glacier fluctuations in the last 2000 years. Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 149 Issue 13 Pages 61-90  
  Keywords  
  Abstract A global compilation of glacier advances and retreats for the past two millennia grouped by 17 regions (excluding Antarctica) highlights the nature of glacier fluctuations during the late Holocene. The dataset includes 275 time series of glacier fluctuations based on historical, tree ring, lake sediment, radiocarbon and terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide data. The most detailed and reliable series for individual glaciers and regional compilations are compared with summer temperature and, when available, winter precipitation reconstructions, the most important parameters for glacier mass balance. In many cases major glacier advances correlate with multi-decadal periods of decreased summer temperature. In a few cases, such as in Arctic Alaska and western Canada, some glacier advances occurred during relatively warm wet times. The timing and scale of glacier fluctuations over the past two millennia varies greatly from region to region. However, the number of glacier advances shows a clear pattern for the high, mid and low latitudes and, hence, points to common forcing factors acting at the global scale. Globally, during the first millennium CE glaciers were smaller than between the advances in 13th to early 20th centuries CE. The precise extent of glacier retreat in the first millennium is not well defined; however, the most conservative estimates indicate that during the 1st and 2nd centuries in some regions glaciers were smaller than at the end of 20th/early 21st centuries. Other periods of glacier retreat are identified regionally during the 5th and 8th centuries in the European Alps, in the 3rd–6th and 9th centuries in Norway, during the 10th–13th centuries in southern Alaska, and in the 18th century in Spitsbergen. However, no single period of common global glacier retreat of centennial duration, except for the past century, has yet been identified. In contrast, the view that the Little Ice Age was a period of global glacier expansion beginning in the 13th century (or earlier) and reaching a maximum in 17th–19th centuries is supported by our data. The pattern of glacier variations in the past two millennia corresponds with cooling in reconstructed temperature records at the continental and hemispheric scales. The number of glacier advances also broadly matches periods showing high volcanic activity and low solar irradiance over the past two millennia, although the resolution of most glacier chronologies is not enough for robust statistical correlations. Glacier retreat in the past 100–150 years corresponds to the anthropogenic global temperature increase. Many questions concerning the relative strength of forcing factors that drove glacier variations in the past 2 ka still remain.  
  Programme 1048  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0277-3791 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 6454  
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Author Bourriquen M., Baltzer A., Mercier D., Fournier J., Pérez L., Haquin S., Bernard E., Jensen M., openurl 
  Title Delta progradation and offshore sedimentary lobes in the northern coast of the Brøgger Peninsula (Spitsberg, Svalbard) Type Conference - International - Poster
  Year 2016 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
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  Abstract presented during the 11th International Conference on Permafrost (ICOP 2016) », Potsdam, 2016, June, 20-24.  
  Programme 1172  
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  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 6453  
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Author Poirson M openurl 
  Title Étude des habitats côtiers rocheux des îles Kerguelen et bilan des connaissances dans le but de mettre en place un suivi à long terme des communautés benthiques. Master 1 Type Master
  Year 2016 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 35 p  
  Keywords  
  Abstract  
  Programme 1044  
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  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 6452  
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Author Bazin A openurl 
  Title Intérêt de l’étude des signatures isotopiques δ13C et δ15N pour la caractérisation de la sensibilité d’espèces marines confrontées aux changements environnementaux. Master 2 Type Master
  Year 2016 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 60 p  
  Keywords  
  Abstract  
  Programme 1044  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 6451  
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Author Guillaumot c. openurl 
  Title Hétérogénéités spatiales, temporelles et efforts d'échantillonnage: influence sur la modélisation de distribution d'espèces. Le cas d'étude des échinides du plateau des Kerguelen. Master 2. Type Master
  Year 2016 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 41 p  
  Keywords  
  Abstract  
  Programme 1044  
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  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 6450  
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Author Charlène Guillaumot, Alexis Martin, Marc Eléaume, Thomas Saucède. openurl 
  Title Temporal, spatial, and sampling heterogeneities in species distribution modeling. The case study of the data-poor area of the Kerguelen Plateau. 34th SCAR Open Science Conference and Biennal Meetings, 19-31 août 2016, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Type Conference - International - Poster
  Year 2016 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract  
  Programme 1044  
  Campaign  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 6449  
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Author V. Masson-Delmotte openurl 
  Title Svalbard isotopic measurements Type Conference - International - Communication
  Year 2016 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
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  Abstract French-Swedish partnership, GIWA project  
  Programme 1134  
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  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 6448  
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Author Steen-Larsen, H.C., Risi, C., Masson-Delmotte, V., Werner, M., Yoshimura, K. doi  openurl
  Title Evaluating the skills of isotope-enabled general circulation models against in situ atmospheric water vapor isotope observations Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES Abbreviated Journal J. Geophys. Res.  
  Volume 122 Issue 1 Pages 2016JD025443  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The skills of isotope-enabled general circulation models are evaluated against atmospheric water vapor isotopes. We have combined in situ observations of surface water vapor isotopes spanning multiple field seasons (2010, 2011, and 2012) from the top of the Greenland Ice Sheet (NEEM site: 77.45°N, 51.05°W, 2484 m above sea level) with observations from the marine boundary layer of the North Atlantic and Arctic Ocean (Bermuda Islands 32.26°N, 64.88°W, year: 2012; south coast of Iceland 63.83°N, 21.47°W, year: 2012; South Greenland 61.21°N, 47.17°W, year: 2012; Svalbard 78.92°N, 11.92°E, year: 2014). This allows us to benchmark the ability to simulate the daily water vapor isotope variations from five different simulations using isotope-enabled general circulation models. Our model-data comparison documents clear isotope biases both on top of the Greenland Ice Sheet (1–11‰ for δ18O and 4–19‰ for d-excess depending on model and season) and in the marine boundary layer (maximum differences for the following: Bermuda δ18O = ~1‰, d-excess = ~3‰; South coast of Iceland δ18O = ~2‰, d-excess = ~ 5‰; South Greenland δ18O = ~4‰, d-excess = ~7‰; Svalbard δ18O = ~2‰, d-excess = ~7‰). We find that the simulated isotope biases are not just explained by simulated biases in temperature and humidity. Instead, we argue that these isotope biases are related to a poor simulation of the spatial structure of the marine boundary layer water vapor isotopic composition. Furthermore, we specifically show that the marine boundary layer water vapor isotopes of the Baffin Bay region show strong influence on the water vapor isotopes at the NEEM deep ice core-drilling site in northwest Greenland. Our evaluation of the simulations using isotope-enabled general circulation models also documents wide intermodel spatial variability in the Arctic. This stresses the importance of a coordinated water vapor isotope-monitoring network in order to discriminate amongst these model behaviors.  
  Programme 1134  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 2169-8996 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 6447  
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Author Angot, H., Magand, O., Helmig, D., Ricaud, P., Quennehen, B., Gallée, H., Del Guasta, M., Sprovieri, F., Pirrone, N., Savarino, J., and Dommergue, A. doi  openurl
  Title New insights into the atmospheric mercury cycling in central Antarctica and implications on a continental scale Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 16 Issue 13 Pages 8249-8264  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Under the framework of the GMOS project (Global Mercury Observation System) atmospheric mercury monitoring has been implemented at Concordia Station on the high-altitude Antarctic plateau (75°06′ S, 123°20′ E, 3220 m above sea level). We report here the first year-round measurements of gaseous elemental mercury (Hg(0)) in the atmosphere and in snowpack interstitial air on the East Antarctic ice sheet. This unique data set shows evidence of an intense oxidation of atmospheric Hg(0) in summer (24-hour daylight) due to the high oxidative capacity of the Antarctic plateau atmosphere in this period of the year. Summertime Hg(0) concentrations exhibited a pronounced daily cycle in ambient air with maximal concentrations around midday. Photochemical reactions and chemical exchange at the air–snow interface were prominent, highlighting the role of the snowpack on the atmospheric mercury cycle. Our observations reveal a 20 to 30 % decrease of atmospheric Hg(0) concentrations from May to mid-August (winter, 24 h darkness). This phenomenon has not been reported elsewhere and possibly results from the dry deposition of Hg(0) onto the snowpack. We also reveal the occurrence of multi-day to weeklong atmospheric Hg(0) depletion events in summer, not associated with depletions of ozone, and likely due to a stagnation of air masses above the plateau triggering an accumulation of oxidants within the shallow boundary layer. Our observations suggest that the inland atmospheric reservoir is depleted in Hg(0) in summer. Due to katabatic winds flowing out from the Antarctic plateau down the steep vertical drops along the coast and according to observations at coastal Antarctic stations, the striking reactivity observed on the plateau most likely influences the cycle of atmospheric mercury on a continental scale.  
  Programme 910  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1680-7316 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 6446  
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